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Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program Data

Technical Notes:

Outcome data on infants born to persons with hepatitis B virus infection are reported by the CDC Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program (PHBPP)(1), which funds 64 jurisdictions to identify pregnant persons infected with hepatitis B virus and to case-manage their infants to improve receipt of post-exposure prophylaxis (hepatitis B vaccine birth dose and hepatitis B immune globulin), hepatitis B vaccine series completion, and  post-vaccination serologic testing. Participating jurisdictions are the 50 US states, District of Columbia, 5 cities (Chicago, Houston, New York City, Philadelphia, and San Antonio), 5 territories (American Samoa, Guam, N. Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands), and 3 freely associated island nations (Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Republic of Palau). Data in this report are from the reporting period for the 2018 birth cohort, followed from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2019 and only include infants managed by the program. Infants have variable lengths of follow-up time depending on their date of birth. Not all infants identified as HBsAg positive are reported to the CDC National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS).  (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/perinatal-hepb/index.html

REFERENCES
  1. National Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program: 2009–2017.  Koneru A, Fenlon N, Schillie S, et al. Pediatrics March 2021, 147 (3) e20201823; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-1823.
Table. Outcomes of infants born in 2018 to hepatitis B infected persons and managed by the CDC Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program through the end of 2019, 64 US Jurisdictions
Hepatitis B vaccine administration Post-vaccination serologic testing
Grantee All infants managed HBIG & vaccine at birth Complete series by 12 months of age Complete series after 12 months of age Total with complete series Received† HBsAg positive Immune§
No. No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
Outcomes of infants born in 2018 to hepatitis B infected persons and managed by the CDC Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program through the end of 2019, 64 U.S. Jurisdictions
All Jurisdictions 9,950 9,617 97% 8,609 87% 129 1% 8,738 88% 6,828 69% 23 0% 6,547 96%
State
Alabama 61 60 98% 58 95% 0 0% 58 95% 52 85% 1 2% 48 92%
Alaska 31 30 97% 23 74% 0 0% 23 74% 19 61% 1 5% 18 95%
Arizona 120 112 93% 103 86% 7 6% 110 92% 67 56% 0 0% 64 96%
Arkansas 61 60 98% 59 97% 0 0% 59 97% 53 87% 1 2% 50 94%
California 1,739 1,700 98% 1316 76% 7 0% 1,323 76% 983 57% 3 0% 940 96%
Colorado 131 130 99% 128 98% 1 1% 129 98% 113 86% 0 0% 110 97%
Connecticut 85 84 99% 71 84% 2 2% 73 86% 22 26% 0 0% 21 95%
Delaware 46 46 100% 43 93% 2 4% 45 98% 41 89% 0 0% 39 95%
Florida 383 338 88% 308 80% 5 1% 313 82% 141 37% 2 1% 130 92%
Georgia 292 279 96% 260 89% 5 2% 265 91% 230 79% 0 0% 220 96%
Hawaii 152 152 100% 146 96% 3 2% 149 98% 134 88% 0 0% 132 99%
Idaho 20 20 100% 20 100% 0 0% 20 100% 13 65% 0 0% 13 100%
Illinois 168 161 96% 159 95% 1 1% 160 95% 133 79% 0 0% 128 96%
Indiana 130 130 100% 124 95% 0 0% 124 95% 109 84% 0 0% 109 100%
Iowa 100 96 96% 96 96% 1 1% 97 97% 78 78% 0 0% 74 95%
Kansas 52 52 100% 48 92% 0 0% 48 92% 33 63% 0 0% 33 100%
Kentucky 78 60 77% 38 49% 8 10% 46 59% 46 59% 0 0% 46 100%
Louisiana 149 136 91% 128 86% 5 3% 133 89% 81 54% 0 0% 78 96%
Maine 11 9 82% 7 64% 0 0% 7 64% 6 55% 2 33% 4 67%
Maryland 253 243 96% 168 66% 1 0% 169 67% 163 64% 0 0% 161 99%
Massachusetts 305 304 100% 287 94% 1 0% 288 94% 255 84% 0 0% 251 98%
Michigan 154 153 99% 144 94% 1 1% 145 94% 118 77% 0 0% 117 99%
Minnesota 378 377 100% 361 96% 4 1% 365 97% 311 82% 0 0% 303 97%
Mississippi 53 50 94% 47 89% 6 11% 53 100% 26 49% 2 8% 18 69%
Missouri 93 87 94% 80 86% 0 0% 80 86% 56 60% 0 0% 51 91%
Montana 3 3 100% 3 100% 0 0% 3 100% 3 100% 0 0% 3 100%
Nebraska 60 56 93% 55 92% 0 0% 55 92% 49 82% 0 0% 47 96%
Nevada 73 67 92% 65 89% 0 0% 65 89% 52 71% 0 0% 49 94%
New Hampshire 13 13 100% 11 85% 0 0% 11 85% 11 85% 0 0% 11 100%
New Jersey 297 278 94% 263 89% 7 2% 270 91% 147 49% 0 0% 124 84%
New Mexico 11 11 100% 11 100% 0 0% 11 100% 7 64% 0 0% 7 100%
New York State 246 239 97% 232 94% 1 0% 233 95% 202 82% 0 0% 196 97%
North Carolina 202 199 99% 187 93% 3 1% 190 94% 143 71% 2 1% 134 94%
North Dakota 40 40 100% 35 88% 0 0% 35 88% 24 60% 0 0% 24 100%
Ohio 282 251 89% 266 94% 2 1% 268 95% 171 61% 1 1% 157 92%
Oklahoma 66 64 97% 59 89% 1 2% 60 91% 47 71% 1 2% 43 91%
Oregon 101 100 99% 93 92% 2 2% 95 94% 80 79% 0 0% 75 94%
Pennsylvania 157 157 100% 150 96% 1 1% 151 96% 126 80% 1 1% 125 99%
Rhode Island 40 40 100% 24 60% 12 30% 36 90% 36 90% 0 0% 36 100%
South Carolina 74 65 88% 69 93% 3 4% 72 97% 58 78% 0 0% 58 100%
South Dakota 25 25 100% 25 100% 0 0% 25 100% 18 72% 0 0% 17 94%
Tennessee 143 141 99% 131 92% 3 2% 134 94% 105 73% 1 1% 100 95%
Texas 647 624 96% 550 85% 5 1% 555 86% 438 68% 1 0% 428 98%
Utah 71 69 97% 70 99% 0 0% 70 99% 59 83% 0 0% 58 98%
Vermont 7 7 100% 6 86% 0 0% 6 86% 1 14% 0 0% 1 100%
Virginia 282 268 95% 254 90% 0 0% 254 90% 165 59% 1 1% 159 96%
Washington 303 291 96% 271 89% 2 1% 273 90% 234 77% 0 0% 204 87%
West Virginia 21 20 95% 21 100% 0 0% 21 100% 17 81% 0 0% 17 100%
Wisconsin 128 127 99% 113 88% 2 2% 115 90% 86 67% 0 0% 85 99%
Wyoming 2 2 100% 2 100% 0 0% 2 100% 2 100% 0 0% 2 100%
City
Chicago 96 96 100% 95 99% 0 0% 95 99% 80 83% 0 0% 76 95%
District of Columbia 34 34 100% 32 94% 0 0% 32 94% 29 85% 0 0% 29 100%
Houston 139 129 93% 107 77% 1 1% 108 78% 96 69% 0 0% 95 99%
New York City 1,083 1,077 99% 973 90% 8 1% 981 91% 918 85% 3 0% 891 97%
Philadelphia 139 135 97% 124 89% 6 4% 130 94% 108 78% 0 0% 106 98%
San Antonio 34 34 100% 31 91% 0 0% 31 91% 26 76% 0 0% 25 96%
Territory
American Samoa 7 7 100% 6 86% 0 0% 6 86% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Guam 12 12 100% 3 25% 5 42% 8 67% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
N. Mariana Islands 9 9 100% 8 89% 1 11% 9 100% 7 78% 0 0% 7 100%
Puerto Rico 3 3 100% 1 33% 0 0% 1 33% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Virgin Islands 3 3 100% 1 33% 1 33% 2 67% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Freely Associated Island Nations
Micronesia 35 35 100% 23 66% 3 9% 26 74% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Republic of the Marshall Island U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U
Palau 17 17 100% 17 100% 0 0% 17 100% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
HBIG=hepatitis B immune globulin; HBsAg=hepatitis B surface antigen; anti-HBs= antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen; U=unavailable.
* These data only include infants followed by the Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program (PHBPP). National and jurisdictional level HepB vaccination coverage rates are available via annual MMWR publications of National Immunization Survey data (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-managers/nis/index.html) and via VaxView (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vaxview/index.html).
† Post vaccination serologic testing includes a test for HBsAg, anti-HBs, or both.
§ Anti-HBs >10 mIU/mL
Percentage is among infants that completed the vaccine series and received PVST (postvaccination serological testing).

This table summarizes outcome data on infants born to persons with hepatitis B virus infection from the CDC Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program. The 2018 birth cohort includes infants born in 2018 and followed through December 31, 2019. Among the 9,950 infants managed by the Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program, 97% received recommended prophylaxis at birth, 88% completed the vaccine series, and 69% received recommended post-vaccination serologic testing. Among infants with post-vaccination testing (6,828), there were 23 (0.3%) cases of perinatal hepatitis B transmission; the proportion of infants testing positive for hepatitis B was lower among those who received prophylaxis within 1 day of birth (21/6,697, 0.3%) compared to those who did not (2/131, 1.5%).

Figure. Outcomes of infants born to hepatitis B infected persons and managed by the CDC Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program, by birth cohort year —56 US Jurisdictions*, 2009–2018

 

Infants managed, number of infants case managed by the Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program (PHBPP);
PEP (postexposure prophylaxis), number of infants who received PEP (hepatitis B immune globulin and 1st dose of hepatitis B vaccine) for hepatitis B infection;
PVST (postvaccination serological testing), number of infants who received PVST after hepatitis B vaccine series completion.
* Includes 50 states, District of Columbia, and 5 cities. Excludes territories and freely associated island nations.

Number of infants managed in the Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program from 50 states, District of Columbia, and 5 cities was 11,551 in 2009 and 9,864 in 2018. During 2009 to 2018, the percentage of infants managed who received PEP has remained relatively stable between 95% to 97% each year. The percentage of infants managed who received PSVT has increased from 59% (6,792 of 11,551 infants managed) in 2009 to 69% (6,820 of 9,864 infants managed) in 2018.