Overview
Fact Sheets for the Public
RSV Immunization Guidelines
- Britton A, Roper LE, Kotton CN, et al. Use of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines in Adults Aged ≥60 Years: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2024. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub: 6 August 2024.
- Fleming-Dutra KE, Jones JM, Roper LE, et al. Use of the Pfizer Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine During Pregnancy for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Disease in Infants: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023;72:1115–1122.
- Jones JM, Fleming-Dutra KE, Prill MM, et al. Use of Nirsevimab for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Among Infants and Young Children: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023;72:920–925.
RSV Immunization Effectiveness
- Moline HL, Tannis A, Toepfer AP, et al. Early Estimate of Nirsevimab Effectiveness for Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Associated Hospitalization Among Infants Entering Their First Respiratory Syncytial Virus Season — New Vaccine Surveillance Network, October 2023–February 2024. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024;73(9):209–214.
- Surie D, Self WH, Zhu Y, et al. RSV Vaccine Effectiveness Against Hospitalization Among US Adults 60 Years and Older. JAMA. Published online September 04, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.15775
RSV Hospitalizations
- Curns AT, Rha B, Lively JY, et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations Among Children <5 Years Old: 2016 to 2020.Pediatrics. 2024 Mar 1;153(3).
- Hall CB, Weinberg GA, Iwane MK, et al. The burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(6):588-598.
- Holmen JE, Kim L, Cikesh B, et al. Relationship between neighborhood census-tract level socioeconomic status and respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations in U.S. adults, 2015–2017. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2021;21,293.
- Kujawski SA, Whitaker M, Ritchey MD, et al. Rates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated hospitalization among adults with congestive heart failure-United States, 2015-2017. PLoS One. 2022;17(3):e0264890.
- Lively JY, Curns AT, Weinberg GA, et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Outpatient Visits Among Children Younger Than 24 Months. J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc. 2019;8(3):284-286.
- McLaughlin JM, Khan F, Schmitt H-J, et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Associated Hospitalization Rates among US Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Infect Dis. 2022;225(6):1100-1111.
RSV Mortality
- Blau, DM, et al. CHAMPS Consortium. Deaths Attributed to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Young Children in High-Mortality Rate Settings: Report from Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS).Clin infect Dis. 2021, 73(Suppl_3), S218–S228.
- Hansen CL, Chaves SS, Demont C, Viboud C. Mortality Associated With Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the US, 1999-2018. JAMA Network Open. 2022 Feb 1;5(2):e220527.
- Thompson WW, Shay DK, Weintraub E, et al. Mortality Associated with Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the United States. JAMA. 2003;289(2):179-86.
RSV Seasonality
- Hamid S, Winn A, Parikh R, et al. McMorrow M, Prill MM, Silk BJ, Scobie HM, Hall AJ. Seasonality of Respiratory Syncytial Virus - United States, 2017-2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Apr 7;72(14):355-361.
- Olsen SJ, Winn AK, Budd AP, et al. Changes in Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, 2020–2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021; 70:1013–1019.
- Rose EB, Wheatley A, Langley G, et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasonality – United States, 2014-2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(2):71-76.
RSV in Older Adults
- Branche AR, Saiman L, Walsh E, et al. Change in Functional Status Associated with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Hospitalized Older Adults, Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 2022;16:1151-1160.
- Falsey AR, Hennessey RN, Formica MA, et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Elderly and High-Risk Adults. New Engl J Med. 2005;352(17):1749-59.
- Falsey AR & Walsh EE. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Adults. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000;13(3):371-84.
- McLaughlin JM, Khan F, Begier E, et al. Rates of Medically Attended RSV among US Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022; 9(7): ofac300.
RSV in Special Populations
- Bruden DJ, Singleton R, Hawk CS, et al. Eighteen Years of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Surveillance: Changes in Seasonality and Hospitalization Rates in Southwestern Alaska Native Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015;34(9):945-950.
- Foote EM, Singleton RJ, Holman RC, et al. Lower respiratory tract infection hospitalizations among American Indian/Alaska Native children and the general United States child population. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2015 Nov 5; 74:29256.
- Holman RC, Curns AT, Cheek JE, Bresee JS, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations among American Indian and Alaska Native infants and the general United States infant population. Pediatrics. 2004 Oct;114(4):e437-44.
- Rose EB, Dahl, RM, Havers, FP, et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations in Children with Neurological Disorders, 2006-2015. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021;10(10), 951–957.
- Singleton RJ, Bulkow LR, Miernyk K, et al. Viral Respiratory Infections in Hospitalized and Community Control Children in Alaska. J Med Virol. 2010; 82(7):1282-90.
RSV Global Surveillance
- Biggs HM, Simões EAF, Abu Khader I, et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Among Hospitalized Infants in Four Middle-Income Countries. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2023 Jul 31;12(7):394-405.
- Li Y, Wang, X, Blau DM, et al. Global, Regional, and National Disease Burden Estimates of Acute Lower Respiratory Infections Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children Younger Than 5 Years in 2019: A Systematic Analysis. Lancet. 2022 May–3 June 28 399(10340):2047-2064.
- Shi T, Denouel A, Tietjen AK, et al. Global disease burden estimates of respiratory syncytial virus – associated acute respiratory infection in older adults in 2015: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect Dis. 2020 Oct 7;222(supplement_7):S577-S583.
- Shi T, McAllister DA, O'Brien KL, et al. Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study. Lancet. 2017 Sep 2;390(10098):946-985. Epub 2017 Jul 7.
- Surveillance for Respiratory Syncytial Virus in CDC's Global Disease Detection Network: Epidemiology, Disease Burden and Clinical Characteristics. J Infect Dis. 2013;208(S3):S165-246.