Aniline
May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
CAS number: 62-53-3
NIOSH REL: None established; NIOSH considers aniline to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].
Current OSHA PEL: 5 ppm (19 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1989 OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (8 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (7.6 mg/m3) TWA [skin]
Description of substance: Colorless to brown, oily liquid with an aromatic amine-like odor.
LEL: 1.3% (10% LEL, 1,300 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 100 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Henderson and Haggard [1943] that 100 to 160 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be inhaled for 1 hour without serious disturbance. AIHA [1955] reported that 50 to 100 ppm can probably be tolerated for 60 minutes.
Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
Lethal concentration data:
Adjusted | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LC50 | LCLo | 0.5-hr | Derived | |||
Species | Reference | (ppm) | (ppm) | Time | LC (CF) | Value |
Mouse | Back et al. 1972 | 175 | —– | 7 hr | 420 ppm (2.4) | 42 ppm |
Rat | Carpenter et al. 1949 | —– | 250 | 4 hr | 500 ppm (2.0) | 50 ppm |
Cat | von Oettingen 1941 | —– | 180 | 8 hr | 450 ppm (2.5) | 45 ppm |
Lethal dose data:
LD50 | LDLo | Derived | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species | Reference | Route | (Mg/kg) | (mg/kg) | Adjusted LD | Value |
Dog | Back et al. 1972 | oral | —– | 195 | 353 ppm | 35 ppm |
Rat | Dieke et al. 1947 | oral | —– | 250 | 452 ppm | 45 ppm |
Mouse | Gig Tr Prof Zabol | oral | —– | 464 | 839 ppm | 84 ppm |
Rat | Jacobsen 1972 | oral | —– | 440 | 796 ppm | 80 ppm |
G. pig | Kodak 1984 | oral | —– | 400 | 724 ppm | 72 ppm |
Human data: Volunteers tolerated 1-hour exposures ranging from 100-160 ppm with only moderate adverse health effects (undefined) [von Oettingen 1941]. It has also been reported that 100 to 160 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be inhaled for 1 hour without serious consequence [Henderson and Haggard 1943] and that 50 to 100 ppm can probably be tolerated for 60 minutes [AIHA 1955].
Revised IDLH: 100 ppm [Unchanged]Basis for revised IDLH: Based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [AIHA 1955; Henderson and Haggard 1943; von Oettingen 1941], the original IDLH for aniline of 100 ppm is not being revised at this time. [Note: NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the “most protective” respirators be worn for aniline at any detectable concentration.] |
References:
- AIHA [1955]. Aniline. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc Q 16:331-332.
- Back KC, Thomas AA, MacEwen JD [1972]. Reclassification of materials listed as transportation health hazards. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: 6570th Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Report No. TSA-20-72-3, pp. A-8 to A-9.
- Carpenter CP, Smyth HF Jr, Pozzani UC [1949]. The assay of acute vapor toxicity, and the grading and interpretation of results on 96 chemical compounds. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 31:343-346.
- Dieke SH, Allen GS, Richter CP [1947]. The acute toxicity of thioureas and related compounds to wild and domestic Norway rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 90:260-270.
- Gig Tr Prof Zabol [1969]; 13(5):29-32 (in Russian).
- Henderson Y, Haggard HW [1943]. Noxious gases. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Reinhold Publishing Corporation, p. 228.
- Jacobsen KH [1972]. Acute oral toxicity of mono- and di-alkyl ring-substituted derivatives of aniline. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 22:153-154.
- Kodak [1984]. Aniline. In: TSCA 8d submission to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (OTS 206512). Rochester, NY: Eastman Kodak Company.
- von Oettingen WF [1941]. The aromatic amines and nitro compounds, their toxicity and potential dangers. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Bulletin 271:1-15.