NIOSH logo and tagline

Aniline

May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)

CAS number: 62-53-3

NIOSH REL: None established; NIOSH considers aniline to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990].

Current OSHA PEL: 5 ppm (19 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

1989 OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (8 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (7.6 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

Description of substance: Colorless to brown, oily liquid with an aromatic amine-like odor.

LEL: 1.3% (10% LEL, 1,300 ppm)

Original (SCP) IDLH: 100 ppm

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by Henderson and Haggard [1943] that 100 to 160 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be inhaled for 1 hour without serious disturbance. AIHA [1955] reported that 50 to 100 ppm can probably be tolerated for 60 minutes.

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:

Adjusted
LC50 LCLo 0.5-hr Derived
Species Reference (ppm) (ppm) Time LC (CF) Value
Mouse Back et al. 1972 175 —– 7 hr 420 ppm (2.4) 42 ppm
Rat Carpenter et al. 1949 —– 250 4 hr 500 ppm (2.0) 50 ppm
Cat von Oettingen 1941 —– 180 8 hr 450 ppm (2.5) 45 ppm

Lethal dose data:

LD50 LDLo Derived
Species Reference Route (Mg/kg) (mg/kg) Adjusted LD Value
Dog Back et al. 1972 oral —– 195 353 ppm 35 ppm
Rat Dieke et al. 1947 oral —– 250 452 ppm 45 ppm
Mouse Gig Tr Prof Zabol oral —– 464 839 ppm 84 ppm
Rat Jacobsen 1972 oral —– 440 796 ppm 80 ppm
G. pig Kodak 1984 oral —– 400 724 ppm 72 ppm

Human data: Volunteers tolerated 1-hour exposures ranging from 100-160 ppm with only moderate adverse health effects (undefined) [von Oettingen 1941]. It has also been reported that 100 to 160 ppm is the maximum concentration that can be inhaled for 1 hour without serious consequence [Henderson and Haggard 1943] and that 50 to 100 ppm can probably be tolerated for 60 minutes [AIHA 1955].

References:

  1. AIHA [1955]. Aniline. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc Q 16:331-332.
  2. Back KC, Thomas AA, MacEwen JD [1972]. Reclassification of materials listed as transportation health hazards. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: 6570th Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Report No. TSA-20-72-3, pp. A-8 to A-9.
  3. Carpenter CP, Smyth HF Jr, Pozzani UC [1949]. The assay of acute vapor toxicity, and the grading and interpretation of results on 96 chemical compounds. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 31:343-346.
  4. Dieke SH, Allen GS, Richter CP [1947]. The acute toxicity of thioureas and related compounds to wild and domestic Norway rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 90:260-270.
  5. Gig Tr Prof Zabol [1969]; 13(5):29-32 (in Russian).
  6. Henderson Y, Haggard HW [1943]. Noxious gases. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Reinhold Publishing Corporation, p. 228.
  7. Jacobsen KH [1972]. Acute oral toxicity of mono- and di-alkyl ring-substituted derivatives of aniline. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 22:153-154.
  8. Kodak [1984]. Aniline. In: TSCA 8d submission to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (OTS 206512). Rochester, NY: Eastman Kodak Company.
  9. von Oettingen WF [1941]. The aromatic amines and nitro compounds, their toxicity and potential dangers. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Bulletin 271:1-15.