Allyl alcohol

May 1994

Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)

CAS number: 107-18-6

NIOSH REL: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) STEL [skin]

Current OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA [skin]

1989 OSHA PEL: 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) STEL [skin]

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (4.8 mg/m3) TWA, 4 ppm (9.5 mg/m3) STEL [skin]

Description of substance: Colorless liquid with a pungent, mustard-like odor.

LEL: 2.5% (10% LEL, 2,500 ppm)

Original (SCP) IDLH: 150 ppm

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statement by AIHA [1963] that from animal experiments, a single 1-hour exposure to 150 ppm might be fatal, while the same exposure to 100 ppm would probably allow survival [Dunlap et al. 1958].

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal concentration data:

					Adjusted
		LC50	LCLo		0.5-hr	Derived
Species	Reference	(ppm)	(ppm)	Time	LC (CF)	Value
Mammal	Deichmann and Gerarde 1969	1,000	—–	1 hr	1,250 ppm (1.25)	125 ppm
Rat	Dunlap et al. 1958	76	—–	8 hr	190 ppm (2.5)	19 ppm
Mouse	Izmerov et al. 1982	207	—–	2 hr	330 ppm (1.6)	33 ppm
Rabbit	McCord 1932	1,000	—–	3.5 hr	1,910 ppm (1.91)	191 ppm
Monkey	McCord 1932	1,000	—–	4 hr	2,000 ppm (2.0)	200 ppm
Rat	Smyth and Carpenter 1948	1,060	—–	1 hr	1,325 ppm (1.25)	132 ppm
Rat	Smyth and Carpenter 1948	165	—–	4 hr	330 ppm (2.0)	33 ppm
Rat	Smyth and Carpenter	76	—–	8 hr	190 ppm (2.5)	19 ppm

Human data: Severe eye irritation is reported to result from exposure at 25 ppm [Dunlap et al. 1958].

Revised IDLH: 20 ppmBasis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for allyl alcohol is 20 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in humans [Dunlap et al. 1958] and animals [Dunlap et al. 1958; Smyth and Carpenter 1948].

References:

AIHA [1963]. Allyl alcohol. In: Hygienic guide series. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 24:636-638.
Deichmann WB, Gerarde HW [1969]. Allyl alcohol (propenol). In: Toxicology of drugs and chemicals. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., p. 86.
Dunlap MK, Kodama JK, Wellington JS, Anderson HH, Hine CH [1958]. The toxicity of allyl alcohol. I. Acute and chronic toxicity. AMA Arch Ind Health 18:303-311.
Izmerov NF, Sanotsky IV, Sidorov KK [1982]. Toxicometric parameters of industrial toxic chemicals under single exposure. Moscow, Russia: Centre of International Projects, GKNT, p. 17.
McCord CP [1932]. The toxicity of allyl alcohol. JAMA 98(26):2269-2270.
Smyth HF Jr, Carpenter CP [1948]. Further experience with the range-finding test in the industrial toxicology laboratory. J Ind Hyg Toxicol 30(1):63-68.