Turpentine
RTECS #
YO8400000
CAS #
Updated
September 2013
Molecular Weight
N/R
Molecular Formula
N/R
Synonyms
Essential oils, turpentine
G 4134
Gum spirits of turpentine
Gum turpentine
Oil of turpentine
Oil of turpentine, rectified
Spirit of turpentine
Spirits of turpentine
Terebenthine (French)
Terpentin oel (German)
Turpentine (ACGIH:OSHA)
Turpentine oil
Turpentine oil, rectifier
Turpentine steam distilled
Wood turpentine
G 4134
Gum spirits of turpentine
Gum turpentine
Oil of turpentine
Oil of turpentine, rectified
Spirit of turpentine
Spirits of turpentine
Terebenthine (French)
Terpentin oel (German)
Turpentine (ACGIH:OSHA)
Turpentine oil
Turpentine oil, rectifier
Turpentine steam distilled
Wood turpentine
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
eye /human | 175 ppm | JIHTAB 25,282,1943 | |
skin /human | 0.1% | severe | BJDEAZ 158,734,2008 |
skin /rabbit | 500 µL | severe | NTIS** OTS0545856 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
skin/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 240 gm/kg/20W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors | CNREA8 19,413,1959 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
inhalation/guinea pig | Lowest published lethal concentration: 16 gm/m3/1H | 85GMAT -,119,1982 | |
inhalation/guinea pig | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 13500 mg/m3/6H | HPV143 -,-,2002 | |
inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 700 mg/m3/15M | Behavioral: Headache Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | VCVPS* -,291,1998 |
inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 4000 mg/m3/1H | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression | VCVPS* -,291,1998 |
inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 175 ppm | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Eye: Conjunctiva irritation Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | JIHTAB 25,282,1943 |
inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 6 gm/m3/3H | Eye: Other eye effects Behavioral: Hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral: Headache | AHYGAJ 83,239,1914 |
inhalation/man | lowest published toxic concentration: 449 mg/m3/2H | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | OEMEEM 53,100,1996 |
inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 30000 mg/m3 | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight | VCVPS* -,291,1998 |
inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 29 mg/m3/2H | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Ataxia Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression | TXAPA9 6,360,1964 |
inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 9000 mg/m3/6H | HPV143 -,-,2002 | |
inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 29000 mg/m3/2H | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 13500 mg/m3/6H | HPV143 -,-,2002 | |
inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 12 gm/m3 | ENTOX* -,394,2005 | |
inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 19900 mg/m3/1H | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 16600 mg/m3/2H | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 13700 mg/m3/4H | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 11700 mg/m3/6H | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 16600 mg/m3/2H | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight | VCVPS* -,291,1998 |
inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 13700 mg/m3/4H | Eye: Conjunctiva irritation Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough | VCVPS* -,291,1998 |
inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 12 gm/m3/6H | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | TXAPA9 10,8,1967 |
intravenous/man | lowest published toxic dose: 71 µL/kg | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Associated connective tissue Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | AJEMEN 4,543,1986 |
intravenous/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1180 µg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Ataxia Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression | TXAPA9 6,360,1964 |
oral/infant | lowest published lethal dose: 1748 mg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | ADCHAK 28,475,1953 |
oral/infant | lowest published toxic dose: 874 mg/kg | Behavioral: Antipsychotic | ADCHAK 28,475,1953 |
oral/man | lowest published lethal dose: 2857 µL/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | FSINDR 65,47,1994 |
oral/man | lowest published lethal dose: 3 mg/kg | Behavioral: Muscle weakness Gastrointestinal: Other changes | BMJOAE 2,77,1931 |
oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3956 mg/kg | HPV143 -,-,2002 | |
oral/woman | lowest published toxic dose: 560 mg/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | ADCHAK 28,475,1953 |
skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): >2000 mg/kg | HPV143 -,-,2002 | |
skin/rabbit | lowest published lethal dose: 5010 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NTIS** OTS0545856 |
subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Endocrine: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOLED5 147,153,2004 |
unreported route/human | lowest published lethal dose: 1777 mg/kg | FSINDR 65,47,1994 | |
unreported route/man | lowest published lethal dose: 441 mg/kg | 85DCAI 2,73,1970 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
inhalation/Dog | lowest published toxic concentration: 4800 mg/m3/90D- intermittent | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Ataxia | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 4800 mg/m3/90D- intermittent | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2400 mg/m3/30D- intermittent | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2400 mg/m3/30D- intermittent | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 4800 mg/m3/90D- intermittent | Cardiac: Cardiomyopathy including infarction Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV143 -,-,2002 |
Reviews
Organization | Standard | Reference |
---|---|---|
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 20 ppm (sen) | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | BLFSBY 24,253,1983 | |
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 128,85,2002 | |
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ENTOX* -,394,2005 | |
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | AIRMJ* 20,8,2001 |
Standards and Regulations
Organization | Standard | Reference |
---|---|---|
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION | FEREAC 54,7740,1989 | |
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES | Cancelled/New AI | RBREV* -,280,1998 |
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air | time-weighted average 100 ppm (560 mg/m3) | DTLVS* 3,274,1971 |
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV | ||
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 100 ppm (557 mg/m3), JUL2008 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | MAK-TMW 100 ppm (560 mg/m3);KZW 100 ppm (560 mg/m3), skin, sen, 2007 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 20 ppm ( mg/m3), MAR2002 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | time-weighted average 25 ppm (140 mg/m3), MAY2011 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND | time-weighted average 25 ppm (140 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 50 ppm (280 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 100 ppm (560 mg/m3), FEB2006 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY | time-weighted average 560 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 560 mg/m3, Skin, SEP2000 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | time-weighted average 25 ppm (140 mg/m3), skin, sen, NOV2011 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN | Occupational Exposure Limit 50 ppm (280 mg/m3), s1 sen, MAY2012 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | time-weighted average 100 ppm (560 mg/m3), 2006 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 100 ppm (560 mg/m3), 2004 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | time-weighted average 100 ppm (556 mg/m3), sen, JAN2002 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 20 ppm (111 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND | MAC(time-weighted average) 300 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 840 mg/m3, JAN1999 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | time-weighted average 300 mg(C)/m3, short term exposure limit 600 mg(C)/m3, JUN2003 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | ceiling concentration 100 ppm (560 mg/m3), sen, JAN2011 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS | MAC-TGG 560 mg/m3, 2003 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES | time-weighted average 100 ppm (560 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY | time-weighted average 100 ppm (560 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM | time-weighted average 100 ppm (566 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 150 ppm (850 mg/m3), OCT2007 | |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | 8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (560 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | 8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (560 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | 8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (560 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | 8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (560 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
Organization | Standard | Reference |
---|---|---|
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO TURPENTINE-air | 10H time-weighted average 100 ppm | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code X5757; Number of Industries 75; Total Number of Facilities 7231; Number of Occupations 62; Total Number of Employees Exposed 116433; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 22205 | |
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 74990; Number of Industries 146; Total Number of Facilities 19493; Number of Occupations 94; Total Number of Employees Exposed 351747; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 144051 | |
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 | Hazard Code 74990; Number of Industries 139; Total Number of Facilities 12405; Number of Occupations 92; Total Number of Employees Exposed 113949 |
Status in Federal Agencies
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health