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Strychnine

Related Pages
RTECS #
WL2275000
CAS #
57-24-9
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
334.45
Molecular Formula
C21H22N2O2
Synonyms
Boomer-rid
Certox
Dolco mouse cereal
Gopher bait
Gopher-gitter
Hare-Rid
Kwik-kil
Mole death
Mouse-nots
Mouse-rid
Mouse-tox
Pied piper mouse seed
RCRA waste number P108
Ro-Dex
Sanaseed
Stricnina (Italian)
Strychnidin-10-one (9CI)
Strychnin (German)
Strychnine (ACGIH:OSHA)
Strychnos

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
DNA Damageliver/human1 mmol/l/48HMUREAV 696,21,2010
DNA Damageliver/human0.1 mmol/l/48HMUREAV 696,21,2010

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
intramuscular/rat 500 µg/kg (5D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Stillbirth		PSEBAA 100,555,1959
oral/rat 2.5 mg/kg (8D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)NETEEC 27,855,2005

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 309 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 mmol/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell metabolic activity: Alamar Blue assay etc.TIVIEQ 26,511,2012
In Vitro/Human, skin Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 34.0 mg/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 143 mg/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/paaInhibitor Concentration Low: 176 µmol/L/44HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTIVIEQ 27,1416,2013
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 132 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 mmol/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell metabolic activity: Alamar Blue assay etc.TIVIEQ 26,511,2012
intramuscular/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 628 µg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes		CHHTAT 54,234,1974
intramuscular/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1400 µg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes		CHHTAT 54,234,1974
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 980 µg/kgBehavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Excitement		JPETAB 128,176,1960
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 2 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdJOETD7 149,783,2013
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity		JOETD7 76,145,2001
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 2 mg/kgBehavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticityJOETD7 77,143,2001
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.25 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,157,2001
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.2 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdEURNE* 13,257,2003
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published lethal dose: 4 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdPYTOEY 15,959,2008
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1100 µg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdJPETAB 58,239,1936
intraspinal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 327.3 µg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Ataxia		JPETAB 326,633,2008
intraspinal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 654.5 µg/kgBehavioral: Altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Ataxia		JPETAB 326,633,2008
intraspinal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 109.09 ng/kgBehavioral: AnalgesiaJPETAB 326,633,2008
intravenous/cat lowest published lethal dose: 330 µg/kgHBAMAK 4,1403,1935
intravenous/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 800 µg/kgBehavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Ataxia		JPETAB 126,41,1959
intravenous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1.05 mg/kgLiver: Change in gall bladder structure or function

Liver: Other changes		TOLED5 160,179,2006
intravenous/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 1.31 mg/kgLiver: Change in gall bladder structure or function

Liver: Other changes		TOLED5 160,179,2006
intravenous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.41 mg/kgENTOX* ,706,2005
intravenous/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 400 µg/kgBehavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Ataxia		JPETAB 126,41,1959
intravenous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 582 µg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes		CHHTAT 54,234,1974
intravenous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 0.42 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdTXCYAC 173,249,2002
intravenous/rat lowest published lethal dose: 0.58 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdTXCYAC 173,249,2002
intravenous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.57 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,157,2001
oral/cat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 µg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdRMVEAG 154,137,1978
oral/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 30 mg/kgFDWU** -,-,1931
oral/child lowest published toxic dose: 24 mg/kgPeripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change

Behavioral: General anesthetic

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold		PECAE5 15,264,1999
oral/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 µg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdRMVEAG 154,137,1978
oral/domestic bird lowest published lethal dose: 2500 µg/kgFDWU** -,-,1931
oral/duck lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3 mg/kgTXAPA9 20,57,1971
oral/frog lowest published lethal dose: 2100 µg/kgFDWU** -,-,1931
oral/human lowest published lethal dose: 30 mg/kgPCOC** -,1073,1966
oral/human lethal dose (50 percent kill): 30 mg/kgENTOX* ,104,2005
oral/man lowest published lethal dose: 30 mg/kgPEMNDP 9,771,1991
oral/man lowest published lethal dose: 5143 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Coma

Cardiac: Change in rate		JTCTDW 30,269,1992
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2 mg/kgIJEBA6 19,1075,1981
oral/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 2 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdBIMEL* 16,5377,2008
oral/pigeon lethal dose (50 percent kill): 21 mg/kgTXAPA9 20,57,1971
oral/quail lethal dose (50 percent kill): 23 mg/kgTXAPA9 20,57,1971
oral/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 600 µg/kgHBAMAK 4,1403,1935
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2350 µg/kgJAPMA8 31,113,1942
oral/wild bird lethal dose (50 percent kill): 16 mg/kgTXAPA9 20,57,1971
parenteral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1060 µg/kgARZNAD 11,657,1961
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): >2000 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,157,2001
subcutaneous/cat lowest published lethal dose: 250 µg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Behavioral: Irritability		CHHTAT 54,234,1974
subcutaneous/chicken lowest published lethal dose: 3 mg/kgHBAMAK 4,1403,1935
subcutaneous/Dog lowest published lethal dose: 350 µg/kgHBAMAK 4,1403,1935
subcutaneous/domestic bird lowest published lethal dose: 1 mg/kgFDWU** -,-,1931
subcutaneous/duck lowest published lethal dose: 1 mg/kgHBAMAK 4,1403,1935
subcutaneous/frog lowest published lethal dose: 35 µg/kgHBAMAK 4,1403,1935
subcutaneous/guinea pig lowest published lethal dose: 3200 µg/kgHBAMAK 4,1403,1935
subcutaneous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 474 µg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdAPSXAS 7,329,1970
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1.2 mg/kgBehavioral: AnticonvulsantJOETD7 78,73,2001
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1.2 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdPHREP* 61,245,2009
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 1.0 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdJOETD7 191,301,2016
subcutaneous/pigeon lowest published lethal dose: 1 mg/kgFDWU** -,-,1931
subcutaneous/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 400 µg/kgFDWU** -,-,1931
subcutaneous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1200 µg/kgRPTOAN 31,260,1968
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdFATOAO 49,13,1986
Tank with water/Zebrafish lowest published toxic concentration: 501.68 mg/L/18HReproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral		NETEEC 34,587,2012
unreported route/child lowest published lethal dose: 0.75 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,158,2001
unreported route/human lowest published lethal dose: 0.71 mg/kgHBPTO* 1,158,2001
unreported route/man lowest published lethal dose: 1103 µg/kg85DCAI 2,73,1970
unreported route/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 µg/kgIGAYAY 112,861,1980
unreported route/rat lowest published lethal dose: 1 mg/kgPEMNDP 9,771,1991

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCLCHAU 19,361,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFNSCA6 2,67,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWJTCTDW 38,71,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTPHSDY 23,519,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTPHSDY 24,199,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOXIA6 44,405,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWEMCPT* 2,89,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,104,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHUTOX* -,561,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWISMEA* 10,142,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBJPCBM 154,606,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHTCWA* 2,199,
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCGHEP* 5,648,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNEUCL* 18,215,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNBREV* 5,1,1981
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNRTXDN 33,1473,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFTRPAE 115,155,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 58,395,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWVETODR ,197,2018

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATIONFEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDESRED CompletedRBREV* -,278,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3DTLVS* 3,235,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 0.15 mg/m3;KZW 0.6 mg/m3, inhal, skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKceiling concentration 0.15 mg/m3, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.45 mg/m3, skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 0.15 mg/m3, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDshort term exposure limit 0.15 mg/m3, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3;short term exposure limit 0.45 mg/m3, 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 0,15 mg/m3, JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 0.15 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 0.15 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3, JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO STRYCHNINE-air10H time-weighted average 0.15 mg/m3NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 70060; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 46; Number of Occupations 2; Total Number of Employees Exposed 511; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 325
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 70060; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 18; Number of Occupations 1; Total Number of Employees Exposed 18

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Strychnine, 5016
On EPA IRIS database
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health