Propane, 1,2-dichloro-
RTECS #
TX9625000
CAS #
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
112.99
Molecular Formula
C3H6Cl2
Synonyms
1,2-Dichloropropane
1,2-Dichloropropane (OSHA)
alpha,beta-Dichloropropane
alpha,beta-Propylene dichloride
Bichlorure de propylene (French)
Dwuchloropropan (Polish)
ENT 15,406
NCI-C55141
Propylene chloride
Propylene dichloride (ACGIH:OSHA)
RCRA waste number U083
1,2-Dichloropropane (OSHA)
alpha,beta-Dichloropropane
alpha,beta-Propylene dichloride
Bichlorure de propylene (French)
Dwuchloropropan (Polish)
ENT 15,406
NCI-C55141
Propylene chloride
Propylene dichloride (ACGIH:OSHA)
RCRA waste number U083
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /rabbit | 500 mg | mild | AIHAAP 30,470,1969 |
| eye /rabbit | 0.05 mL | HPV170 -,-,2004 | |
| skin /rabbit | 0.5 mL | mild | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytogenetic Analysis | ovary/hamster | 660 mg/L | NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | ovary/hamster | 1370000 µg/L/8H (-enzymatic activation step) | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| DNA Damage | liver/human | 5 mmol/L/1H | TOLED5 272,60,2017 |
| DNA Damage | liver/human | 1 mmol/L/4H | TOLED5 272,60,2017 |
| DNA Damage | other cell types/human | 3 mmol/L/4H | TOLED5 272,60,2017 |
| DNA Damage | other cell types/human | 5 mmol/L/1H | TOLED5 272,60,2017 |
| DNA Damage | inhalation/mouse | 200 ppm/6H/2D- intermittent | TOLED5 272,60,2017 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 300 gm/L/48H | MUTAEX 32,455,2017 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 100 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) | ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983 |
| mutation in microorganisms | lymphocyte/mouse | 11600 µg/L (+enzymatic activation step) | SCIEAS 236,933,1987 |
| sister chromatid exchange | ovary/hamster | 113 mg/L | EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 |
| sister chromatid exchange | lung/hamster | 3300 µmol/L | ENMUDM 9,401,1987 |
| sister chromatid exchange | ovary/hamster | 376000 µg/L/24H (+/-enzymatic activation step) | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| oral/rat | 1250 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female | FAATDF 28,18,1995 |
| oral/rabbit | 1950 mg/kg (7-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female | FAATDF 28,18,1995 |
| oral/rat | 1250 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/rabbit | 1950 mg/kg (7-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 130 gm/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 64375 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | NTIS** PB87-114443/AS |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 64375 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 128750 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 128750 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors | NTIS** PB87-114443/AS |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/Human, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 mmol/L/4H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TOLED5 272,60,2017 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): >2200 ppm/7H | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| inhalation/mouse | Lowest published lethal concentration: 1000 ppm/2H | JIHTAB 28,1,1946 | |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 10500 mg/m3/2H | Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGH* -,307,1990 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2256 mg/m3/10H | HPV170 -,-,2004 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 300 ppm/8H | VCVGH* -,395,1990 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 14000 mg/m3/8H | HPV170 -,-,2004 | |
| inhalation/rat | Lowest published lethal concentration: 10340 mg/m3/7H | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2000 ppm/4H | HPV170 -,-,2004 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): >2200 ppm/7H | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10500 mg/m3 | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough | VCVGH* -,395,1990 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 316 mg/kg | HPV170 -,-,2004 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 230 mg/kg | HPV170 -,-,2004 | |
| oral/Dog | lowest published lethal dose: 5 gm/kg | Behavioral: Sleep Liver: Other changes | AJHYA2 16,325,1932 |
| oral/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2000 mg/kg | HPV170 -,-,2004 | |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 860 mg/kg | HPV170 -,-,2004 | |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2890 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1900 mg/kg | VCVGH* -,395,1990 | |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8750 mg/kg | VCVGH* -,395,1990 | |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8750 µL/kg | UCDS** 7/28/1966 | |
| skin/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): >2000 mg/kg | HPV170 -,-,2004 | |
| unreported route/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 960 mg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from small intestine | ESKGA2 28,P31,1982 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/Dog | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/7H/26W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Endocrine: Other changes | JIHTAB 28(1),1,1946 |
| inhalation/Dog | lowest published toxic concentration: 4400 mg/m3/27D- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 10400 mg/m3/5D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/7H/8W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Endocrine: Other changes Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 28(1),1,1946 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/7H/120D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | VCVGH* -,395,1990 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/7H/7W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 30(3),189,1948 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 150 ppm/13W- intermittent | Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 10400 mg/m3/2D- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Changes in spleen Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/13W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight Cardiac: Changes in heart weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/30D- continuous | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases | VCVGH* -,395,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/60D- continuous | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases | VCVGH* -,395,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/90D- continuous | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Blood: Hemorrhage | VCVGH* -,395,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 9 mg/m3/24H/94D- continuous | Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase | GISAAA 42(8),50,1977 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10 mg/m3/24H/60D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases | GISAAA 47(10),21,1982 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/7H/20W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Changes in spleen Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 28(1),1,1946 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2500 mg/kg/5D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | ARTODN 63,445,1989 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1400 mg/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | ARTODN 63,445,1989 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10000 mg/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1750 mg/kg/14D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 7000 mg/kg/14D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 64375 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 128750 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 32500 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 435 mg/kg/30D- intermittent | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes | RCTOE4 104,93,1988 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 28 gm/kg/14D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 109 mg/kg/26W- intermittent | Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of exocrine pancreas Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases | GISAAA 39(1),94,1974 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 16250 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FAATDF 12,713,1989 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32500 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 65000 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 64375 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 128750 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5000 mg/kg/5D- intermittent | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | HPV170 -,-,2004 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 10 ppm (sen) | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence | IMEMDT 41,131,1986 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence | IMEMDT 71,1393,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data | IMEMDT 41,131,1986 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data | IMEMDT 71,1393,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 3 | IMEMDT 71,1393,1999 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | PAREAQ 4,1,1952 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 543,201,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 567,347,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 584,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HUTOX* -,561,1996 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HUTOX* -,577,1996 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 47,1287,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUTAEX 23,271,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 769,34,2014 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 802,1,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 71,71,2017 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 55,43,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 59,364,2011 |
Standards and Regulations
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air | time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) | DTLVS* 3,218,1971 |
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV; | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 75 ppm (347 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 110 ppm (508 mg/m3), JUL2008 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | MAK-TMW 75 ppm (350 mg/m3);KZW 375 ppm (1750 mg/m3), 2007 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 75 ppm (352 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 110 ppm(515 mg/m3), MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), MAY2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND | time-weighted average 10 ppm (46 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 20 ppm (92 mg/m3), NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY | time-weighted average 50 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 50 mg/m3, SEP2000 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 110 ppm (510 mg/m3), 2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 110 ppm (510 mg/m3), 2004 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | time-weighted average 75 ppm (347 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 110 ppm (508 mg/m3), JAN2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY | time-weighted average 40 ppm (185 mg/m3), JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 75 ppm (347 mg/m3); short term exposure limit 110 ppm (508 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND | MAC(time-weighted average) 50 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 400 mg/m3, JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | short term exposure limit 10 mg/m3, JUN2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | MAK-week 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), JAN2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS | MAC-TGG 350 mg/m3, 2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES | time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY | time-weighted average 74 ppm (350 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | 8H time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | 8H time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | 8H time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | 8H time-weighted average 75 ppm (350 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO PROPYLENE DICHLORIDE-air | Carcinogen lowest feasible conc. | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 24390; Number of Industries 6; Total Number of Facilities 116; Number of Occupations 15; Total Number of Employees Exposed 2944; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 1022 | |
| National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 | Hazard Code 24390; Number of Industries 13; Total Number of Facilities 653; Number of Occupations 15; Total Number of Employees Exposed 9601 |
Status in Federal Agencies
| Organization | Reference |
|---|---|
| ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/90/182122/AS) | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test | |
| EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE | FEREAC 47,26992,82 |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY | |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies | |
| EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001 | |
| NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);equivocal evidence:mouse,rat | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Propylene dichloride, 1013 | |
| NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);some evidence:mouse NTPTR* NTP-TR-263,1986 | |
| On EPA IRIS database |
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health