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Phosphoric acid, 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl ester

RTECS #
TC0350000
CAS #
62-73-7; 8023-22-1; 8072-21-7; 8072-39-7; 11095-17-3; 11096-21-2; 12772-40-6; 55819-32-4; 62139-95-1; 95828-55-0; 116788-91-1
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
220.98
Molecular Formula
C4H7Cl2O4P
Synonyms
(2,2-Dichloor-vinyl)-dimethyl-fosfaat (Dutch)
(2,2-Dichloro-vinil)dimetil-fosfato (Italian)
(2,2-Dichlor-vinyl)-dimethyl-phosphat (German)
2,2-Dichloroethenyl dimethyl phosphate
2,2-Dichloroethenyl phosphoric acid dimethyl ester
2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate
2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphoric acid ester
Apavap
Astrobot
Atgard
Atgard C
Atgard V
BAY-19149
Bayer 19149
Benfos
Bibesol
Brevinyl
Brevinyl E50
Canogard
Chlorvinphos
Cypona
DDVP
DDVP (insecticide)
DDVP (OSHA)
Dedevap
Denkavepon
Deriban
Derribante
Devikol
Dichlofos
Dichloorvo (Dutch)
Dichlorfos (Polish)
Dichlorman
Dichlorovos
Dichlorvos
Dichlorvos (ACGIH:OSHA)
Dimethyl 2,2-dichloroethenyl phosphate
Dimethyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate
Dimethyl dichlorovinyl phosphate
Divipan
ENT 20738
Equigard
Equigel
Estrosel
Estrosol
Ethenol, 2,2-dichloro-, dimethyl phosphate
Fecama
Fekama
Fly fighter
Fly-Die
Insectigas D
MAFU strip
Marvex
Mopari
NCI-C00113
Nefrafos
Nerkol
Nogos
Nogos 50
Nogos 50 EC
Nogos G
NO-Pest
NO-Pest strip
Novotox
NSC-6738
Nuvan
Nuvan 100EC
Nuvan 7
O-(2,2-Dichlorvinyl)-O,O-dimethylphosphat (German)
O,O-Dimethyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate
O,O-Dimethyl dichlorovinyl phosphate
O,O-Dimethyl O-2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate
O,O-dimethyl-O-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)phosphate
O,O-Dimethyl-O-(2,2-dichlor-vinyl)-phosphat (German)
O,O-Dwumetylo-O-dwuchlorowinylofosforan (Polish)
OKO
OMS 14
Panaplate
Phosphate de dimethyle et de 2,2-dichlorovinyle (French)
Phosphoric acid, 2,2-dichloroethenyl dimethyl ester (9CI)
Phosvit
SD-1750
Szklarniak
TAP 9VP
Task
Tetravos
Unifos
Unifos (pesticide)
Unifos 50 EC
Unitox
Vapona
Vapona insecticide
Vaponite
Vapora II
Vinyl alcohol, 2,2-dichloro-, dimethyl phosphate
Vinylofos
Vinylophos
Winylophos

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysismultiple/other fish10 ppbMUREAV 344,1,1995
Cytogenetic Analysislymphocyte/human1 mg/LTSITAQ 18,1490,1976
Cytogenetic Analysisother cell types/rat80 mg/LMUREAV 206,439,1988
Cytogenetic Analysisintraperitoneal/hamster3 mg/kgARTODN 58,152,1986
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster100 mg/LAMONDS 3,253,1980
Cytogenetic Analysisovary/hamster160 mg/LNTPTR* NTP-TR-342,1989
DNA Damagelymphocyte/mammal (species unspecified)100 µLNATWAY 57,393,1970
DNA Damagelung/hamster2000 ppm/60MMUREAV 24,365,1974
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/rat795.5 µg/kgTXCYAC 253,8,2008
DNA Damageother cell types/human2.7 nmol/L/10MTXCYAC 253,13,2008
DNA Damageother cell types/human1 µmol/L/1HTOXID9 -,223,2009
DNA Damageother cell types/human100 µmol/LRTOPDW 55,188,2009
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/mouse420 µg/kgAPTSAI 49(5),56,1981
DNA Damageinhalation/mouse8 mg/kgPCBPBS 6,101,1976
DNA Damagesperm/salmon14 mmol/LCBINA8 8,171,1974
DNA Damagelymphocyte/human62 mg/LTUMOAB 66,425,1980
DNA DamageHeLa cell/human970 µmol/LCBINA8 8,171,1974
DNA Damage/Escherichia coli1 gm/LMUREAV 52,161,1978
DNA inhibitionlymphocyte/human62 mg/LTUMOAB 66,425,1980
DNA repair/Escherichia coli60 nmol/plateCNREA8 33,458,1973
DNA repair/Bacillus subtilis10 pphMUREAV 40,19,1976
DNA repair/Other microorganisms10 µmol/plateCBINA8 39,339,1982
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Saccharomyes cerevisiae19 mmol/L/6HIARCCD 10,161,1974
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Aspergillus nidulans28 mg/plateMUREAV 46,395,1977
host-mediated assaySaccharomyes cerevisiae/mouse4 mg/LATXKA8 30,61,1972
morphological transformembryo/hamster110 µmol/LENMUDM 8,515,1986
morphological transformother cell types/rat40 mg/LMUREAV 206,439,1988
morphological transformembryo/mouse24 mg/L/10DMUREAV 702,100,2010
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsintraperitoneal/mouse55 mg/kg/22D- intermittentCALEDQ 146,155,1999
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/mouse12500 mg/LNTPTR* NTP-TR-342,1989
mutation in microorganisms/Schizosaccharomyces pombe5 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 117,139,1983
mutation in microorganisms/Schizosaccharomyces pombe5 mmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 117,139,1983
mutation in microorganisms/Aspergillus nidulans14 mg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 46,395,1977
mutation in microorganisms/Serratia marcescens25 mg/L (-enzymatic activation step)ATXKA8 30,67,1972
mutation in microorganisms/Klebsiella pneumoniae1000 ppm (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 16,413,1972
mutation in microorganisms/Other microorganisms5600 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)CBINA8 22,297,1978
mutation in microorganisms/Other microorganisms1000 ppm (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 16,413,1972
mutation in microorganisms/Other microorganisms80 mmol/L (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 21,175,1973
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium333 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)EMMUEG 11(Suppl 12),1,1988
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli5 pph (-enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 40,19,1976
other mutation test systems/Escherichia coli3820 nmol/LEMMUEG 19,98,1992
phage inhibition capacity/Escherichia coli70 µmol/LMUREAV 182,193,1987
phage inhibition capacity/Escherichia coli0.284 mmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)EMMUEG 36,206,2000
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionoral/Drosophila melanogaster750 ppbMUREAV 28,405,1975
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction/Aspergillus nidulans800 mg/LEVHPAZ 31,81,1979
sister chromatid exchangeother cell types/rat10 mg/LMUREAV 206,439,1988
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster30 µmol/LJTEHD6 8,939,1981
sister chromatid exchangelung/hamster100 µmol/LMUREAV 78,177,1980
sperm morphologyintraperitoneal/mouse35 mg/kg/5DPNASA6 72,4425,1975
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisother cell types/human65 mmol/LPSSCBG 15,439,1984

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rabbit 4 mg/m3/23H (1-28D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)ATXKA8 30,29,1972
intraperitoneal/rat 15 mg/kg (11D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Body wallAEHLAU 16,805,1968
oral/rat 39200 µg/kg (14-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicNUPOBT 15,255,1977
oral/rat 220 mg/kg (multigeneration)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical

Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects
IJEREO 5,239,1995
oral/mouse 180 mg/kg (18D male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)BECTA6 11(5),429,1974
oral/rabbit 65 mg/kg (6-13D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)TJADAB 20,383,1979
oral/rabbit 60 mg/kg (22-31D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicFHCYAI 16,335,1978
oral/pig 255 mg/kg (41-70D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system
ZVRAAX 27,662,1980
oral/pig 759 mg/kg (1-15W preg/4W after birth)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicCNJNAT 71,227,1991
oral/rat 80 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: BehavioralNETEEC 26,607,2004
unreported route/guinea pig 90 mg/kg (42-44D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous systemNEREDZ 19,569,1994
unreported route/rabbit 60 mg/kg (22-31D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolicFHCYAI 16,139,1978
unreported route/rat 40 mg/kg (2D male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
BECTA6 15,458,1976

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20600 mg/kg/2Y- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-342,1989
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 10300 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NTIS** PB90-198508
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 20600 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NTIS** PB90-198508
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2060 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Blood: Leukemia
NTIS** PB90-198508
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2060 mg/kg/103W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
NTIS** PB90-198508
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4120 mg/kg/2Y- continuousTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-342,1989
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2060 mg/kg/2Y- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Blood: Leukemia
JJCREP 82,157,1991

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Hamster, ovary Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 1 mmol/L/3HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 21,1409,2007
In Vitro/Human, kidney tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 35.4 mg/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 85.7 mg/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 89.2 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Human, neuroblastoma Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 23 µmol/L/60MBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesteraseTXAPA9 245,191,2010
In Vitro/Human, neuroblastoma Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 158 mg/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Human, skin Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 11.3 mg/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 18.7 mg/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 21.9 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
In Vitro/paaInhibitor Concentration Low: 5.77 µmol/L/44HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTIVIEQ 27,1416,2013
In Vitro/Rat, liver Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 60.8 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,1347,2013
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 13 mg/m3/4HEye: Lacrimation

Behavioral: Tremor

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands
GISAAA 33(12),35,1968
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 15 mg/m3/4HEye: Lacrimation

Behavioral: Tremor

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands
GISAAA 33(12),35,1968
intracerebral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1.8 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depressionNRTXDN 39,132,2013
intramuscular/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10.2 mg/kgEKFAE9 56,57,1993
intramuscular/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1.5 mg/kgBehavioral: AnticonvulsantEKFAE9 62,55,1999
intraperitoneal/hamster lethal dose (50 percent kill): 30 mg/kgARTODN 58,152,1986
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 19.7 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdTOSCF2 72,289,2003
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 22.4 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure thresholdTOSCF2 72,289,2003
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 22 mg/kgBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesteraseJAFCAU 11,91,1963
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 41.64 mg/kgTXAPA9 219,114,2007
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 83.28 mg/kgBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
TXAPA9 219,114,2007
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kgBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Reactivates cholinesterase

Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Catecholamine levels in CNS

Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine at other sites
FATOAO 44,334,1981
intraperitoneal/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 15 mg/kgBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
APTSAI 49(5),67,1981
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 8 mg/kgBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
TOLED5 135,S86,2002
intravenous/Dog lowest published lethal dose: 2200 µg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting
AUVJA2 49,113,1973
intravenous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 18 mg/kgCSLNX* NX#00004
oral/chicken lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6450 µg/kgBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesteraseINJPD2 10,323,1978
oral/Dog lethal dose (50 percent kill): 100 mg/kg85JFAN A141,1984
oral/duck lethal dose (50 percent kill): 7800 µg/kgDOEAAH 35,25,1979
oral/man lowest published lethal dose: 1000 mg/kgJFSCAS 53,997,2008
oral/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 75 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression

Cardiac: Change in rate

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
TXCYAC 317,1,2014
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kgReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct
BECTA6 11,429,1974
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 61 mg/kgOSDIAF 15,553,1966
oral/pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 157 mg/kgGastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
AJVRAH 40,315,1979
oral/pigeon lethal dose (50 percent kill): 23700 µg/kgASTTA8 (680),157,1979
oral/quail lethal dose (50 percent kill): 22010 µg/kgBehavioral: Tremor

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea
HOEKAN 24,35,1974
oral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10 mg/kgAutonomic Nervous System: Other (direct) parasympathomimetic

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
BEXBAN 83,32,1977
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 17 mg/kgJPIFAN (13),36,1972
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 47 mg/kgBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
NRTXDN 32,931,2011
oral/wild bird lethal dose (50 percent kill): 12 mg/kgTXAPA9 21,315,1972
parenteral/man lowest published lethal dose: 35.7 mg/kgEye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction)

Cardiac: Pulse rate decreased with fall in BP

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression
AJEMEN 18,640,2000
skin/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 206 mg/kgABCHA6 27,684,1963
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 107 mg/kgBESAAT 12,117,1966
skin/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.75 mg/kgTOVEFN (2),37,1995
subcutaneous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 24 mg/kgBehavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Eye: Other eye effects

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea
IMSUAI 31,170,1962
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 16.8 mg/kgARTODN 76,173,2002
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 7.5 mg/kgBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Reactivates cholinesterase
TXAPA9 255,214,2011
subcutaneous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 8.84 mg/kgNRTXDN 55,33,2016
subcutaneous/rat lowest published lethal dose: 6.6 mg/kgBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesteraseNRTXDN 55,33,2016
subcutaneous/rat lowest published lethal dose: 25 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory obstructionAEMME* 9,1369,2002
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 13 mg/kgBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on cyclic nucleotides
TXCYAC 191,35,2003
subcutaneous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 9.8 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory obstructionPHTOEH 93,211,2003
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kgAutonomic Nervous System: Other (direct) parasympathomimetic

Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning
PHTOEH 93,211,2003
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kgBehavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning

Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning
PHTOEH 93,211,2003
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 3 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Tremor

Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands
TXAPA9 219,151,2007
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5.76 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depressionCTOXAO 47,725,2009
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5.12 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
TOLED5 213,142,2012
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5.76 mg/kgBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression
FCLPH* 23(Suppl 1),8,2009
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kgBehavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)PHTOEH 93,211,2003
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kgBehavioral: Ataxia

Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning
PHTOEH 93,211,2003
subcutaneous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 9.8 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depressionPHTOEH 93,211,2003
subcutaneous/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 33.3 mg/kgVascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory obstruction

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes
NRTXDN 28,664,2007
subcutaneous/rat lowest published lethal dose: 100 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depressionNRTXDN 30,298,2009
subcutaneous/rat lowest published lethal dose: 200 mg/kgBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Ataxia

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphokinase
BCLPT* 98,447,2006
Tank with water/Lobster lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 11 µg/L/72HTIVIEQ 34,237,1996
Tank with water/Lobster lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 8.7 µg/L/96HTIVIEQ 34,237,1996
Tank with water/Lobster lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2.8 µg/L/8DTIVIEQ 34,237,1996
Tank with water/Lobster lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1.4 µg/L/16DTIVIEQ 34,237,1996
Tank with water/Lobster lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1.25 µg/L/23DTIVIEQ 34,237,1996
Tank with water/Lobster Lowest published lethal concentration: 10 µg/L/48HTIVIEQ 34,237,1996
Tank with water/Zebrafish toxic concentration: 15 mg/L/24HBiochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transportTOXIA6 4,240,2017
unreported route/mammal (species unspecified) lethal dose (50 percent kill): 125 mg/kgGISAAA 41(8),82,1976
unreported route/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 75 mg/kgBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesteraseGISAAA 33(12),35,1968
unreported route/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 23 mg/kgBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesteraseGISAAA 33(12),35,1968
unreported route/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 57 mg/kgBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesteraseGISAAA 33(12),35,1968
unreported route/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 40 mg/kgFATOAO 50,97,1987

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic dose: 8200 µg/m3/45D- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
GISAAA 33(12),35,1968
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 16 mg/kg/2D- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
TOLED5 135,S86,2002
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 24 mg/kg/3D- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
TOLED5 135,S86,2002
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg/30D- intermittentBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases
EXMPA6 56,144,1992
oral/chicken lowest published toxic dose: 2450 mg/kg/28D- continuousBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
INJPD2 10,323,1978
oral/Dog lowest published toxic dose: 56250 µg/kg/90D- continuousBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume increased

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
NYZZA3 26,739,1974
oral/domestic animal lowest published toxic dose: 112 mg/kg/28D- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
IVEJAC 66,821,1989
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 90 mg/kg/9D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm ductBECTA6 11,429,1974
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 180 mg/kg/18D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)BECTA6 11,429,1974
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5200 mg/kg/13W- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-342,1989
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 36.6 mg/kg/30D- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
FCTOD7 70,222,2014
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 1209.6 mg/kg/24W- continuousKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed

Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases
TOLED5 206,306,2011
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 360 mg/kg/90D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
BCTKAG 21,31,1988
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 56 mg/kg/14D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases
BCTKAG 7,201,1974
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 45 mg/kg/6W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEG

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
NETEEC 10,429,1988
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 70 mg/kg/2W- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldBECTA6 18,231,1977
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg/30D- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Blood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
GISAAA -,64,1993
skin/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 750 mg/kg/10D- intermittentBlood: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
AMIHAB 15,340,1957
skin/monkey lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg/4D- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldYKYUA6 30,1229,1979
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 141 mg/kg/17W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Liver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
APYPAY 32,507,1981
subcutaneous/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg/10D- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
JHSCFD 45,191,1999
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 28 mg/kg/28D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
APYPAY 31,575,1980
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 21600 µg/kg/17W- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
APYPAY 32,507,1981
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 54 mg/kg/9W- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight
TXAPA9 197,353,2004
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 108 mg/kg/9W- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)TXAPA9 197,353,2004
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 54 mg/kg/9W- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases
TXCYAC 213,129,2005
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 216 mg/kg/9W- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases
TXCYAC 213,129,2005
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 21 mg/kg/7D- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase
TXAPA9 219,151,2007
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 504 mg/kg/12W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function
NRTXDN 28,1208,2007
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 84 mg/kg/12W- intermittentBehavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects
TXCYAC 256,175,2009
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg/2D- intermittentBehavioral: Alteration of operant conditioningTXCYAC 256,175,2009
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 252 mg/kg/6W- intermittentBiochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesteraseTXCYAC 256,175,2009
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 504 mg/kg/12W- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation)

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on mitochondrial function
TXCYAC 270,77,2010
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 336 mg/kg/8W- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on cyclic nucleotides
TIHEEC 23,25,2007
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 105 mg/kg/6W- intermittentBehavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)

Behavioral: Ataxia
TXAPA9 256,73,2011
subcutaneous/rat lowest published toxic dose: 210 mg/kg/12W- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Behavioral: Ataxia

Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine in striatum
TXAPA9 256,73,2011

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3 (inhal, vapor, skin, sen)DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 53,267,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate EvidenceIMEMDT 20,97,1979
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human No Adequate DataIMEMDT 20,97,1979
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Inadequate EvidenceIMEMDT 53,267,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2BIMEMDT 53,267,1991
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRREVAH 46,1,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 32,133,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCNDQA8 10(3),43,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNYZZA3 26,739,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNWSCAL 53,489,1972
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRREVAH 63,1,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWALLVAR 50,77,1962
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 128,45,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 567,347,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCRTOEC 17,983,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 613,17,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 21,93,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 627,10,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,13,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,308,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFEREAC 72,68662,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWJTPAE7 19,1,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWITODC* -,355,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHUTOX* -,683,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 672,10,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 672,17,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 674,3,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 49,316,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFEREAC 73,42683,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 22,161,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHETOEA 26,321,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 47,2906,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNBREV* 9,479,1985
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 26,19,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 190,107,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 258,309,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 204,148,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 769,34,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNRTXDN 43,10,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 307,24,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 307,35,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 307,46,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 307,123,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 767,67,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 268,157,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXAPA9 270,39,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 802,1,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 770,183,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWJOETD7 181,66,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 105,456,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 265,106,2017
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 55,43,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 58,395,2010

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATIONFEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDESSupportedRBREV* -,107,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1.0 mg/m3)DTLWS* 3,16,1973
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypttime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.9 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3);KZW 1 ppm (10 mg/m3), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 0.1 mg/m3 (vapor, aerosol), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), skin, carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 0.5 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 2 mg/m3, skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANYMAK 0.11 ppm (1 mg/m3), 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYtime-weighted average 0.9 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 3.6 mg/m3, Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-INDIAtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN2B carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 0.16 ppm (1.5 mg/m3) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.9 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 0.01 ppm (0.1 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 1 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 3 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAtime-weighted average 0.2 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 0.6 mg/m3, Skin, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), KZG-week 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3), skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 1 mg/m3, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 1 mg/m3, Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 (skin)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 (skin)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 (skin)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO DICHLORVOS-air10H time-weighted average 1 mg/m3 (Sk)NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code M0377; Number of Industries 10; Total Number of Facilities 1356; Number of Occupations 17; Total Number of Employees Exposed 24205; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 2466
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code M0377; Number of Industries 16; Total Number of Facilities 2139; Number of Occupations 20; Total Number of Employees Exposed 29515

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/98/101124/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; Rodent dominant lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Cytogenetics-male germ cell; Host-mediated assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro SCE-human; D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vivo cytogenetics-nonhuman bone marrow
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Mammalian micronucleus; In vitro SCE-human lymphocytes
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: B subtilis rec assay; E coli polA without S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Histidine reversion-Ames test; TRP reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae gene conversion
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:mouse
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);equivocal evidence:rat
NTP Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);some evidence:rat NTPTR* NTP-TR-342,1989
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #62
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018