Phosphine

RTECS #

SY7525000

CAS #

7803-51-2
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

March 2019

Molecular Weight

34.00

Molecular Formula

H₃P

Synonyms

Fosforowodor (Polish)
Gas-Ex-B
Hydrogen phosphide
Phosphine (ACGIH:OSHA)
Phosphorus hydride
Phosphorus trihydride
Phosphorwasserstoff (German)
RCRA waste number P096

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
Cytogenetic Analysis	lymphocyte/human	1400 ng/L	SCIEAS 246,251,1989
micronucleus test	inhalation/mouse	5 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent	EMMUEG 24,81,1994

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 mmol/L/1H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay	TOLED5 196S,S312,2010
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 mmol/L/1H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	TOLED5 196S,S312,2010
inhalation/cat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 70 mg/m³/2H		VCVN5* -,66,1993
inhalation/guinea pig	Lowest published lethal concentration: 139 mg/m³/4H		VCVN5* -,66,1993
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 2 mg/m³	Olfaction: Change in sensation of smell	VCVN5* -,67,1993
inhalation/human	Lowest published lethal concentration: 10 mg/m³	Olfaction: Change in sensation of smell	VCVN5* -,67,1993
inhalation/human	Lowest published lethal concentration: 1000 ppm/5M		TABIA2 3,231,1933
inhalation/mammal (species unspecified)	Lowest published lethal concentration: 1000 ppm/5M		AEPPAE 138,65,1928
inhalation/man	lowest published toxic concentration: 2.7 ppm/20M	Behavioral: Headache Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea	JTCTDW 39,165,2001
inhalation/mouse	Lowest published lethal concentration: 380 mg/m³/1H		VCVN5* -,66,1993
inhalation/mouse	Lowest published lethal concentration: 760 mg/m³/35M		VCVN5* -,66,1993
inhalation/mouse	Lowest published lethal concentration: 380 mg/m³/2H		85GMAT -,75,1982
inhalation/rabbit	Lowest published lethal concentration: 2500 ppm/20M		AEXPBL 27,314,1890
inhalation/rabbit	Lowest published lethal concentration: 139 mg/m³/4H		VCVN5* -,66,1993
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 11 ppm/4H	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	AIHAAP 36,452,1975
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 140 mg/m³/4H		VCVN5* -,66,1993
inhalation/woman	lowest published toxic concentration: 2.7 ppm/20M	Behavioral: Headache Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea	JTCTDW 39,165,2001
inhalation/woman	lowest published toxic concentration: 242 ppm/30M	Behavioral: Muscle weakness Behavioral: Headache	TIHEEC 18,71,2002
intraperitoneal/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins	TXCYAC 179,1,2002
intraperitoneal/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg	Cardiac: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases	TOXID9 60,45,2001
intraperitoneal/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport	TOXID9 60,45,2001

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/cat	lowest published toxic concentration: 14 mg/m³/7H/2D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	VCVN5* -,67,1989
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/4H/4D- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases	INHTE5 7,225,1995
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/4H/2W- intermittent	Cardiac: Changes in heart weight Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)	INHTE5 7,225,1995
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/6H/4W- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight	JOCHFV 38,36,1996
inhalation/rabbit	lowest published toxic concentration: 14 mg/m³/7H/2D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	VCVN5* -,67,1989
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 200 µg/m³/24H/6W- continuous	Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)	GISAAA 49(1),13,1984
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 3100 ppb/6H/13W- intermittent	Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Blood: Changes in platelet count	INHTE5 5,223,1993
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/4H/4D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	INHTE5 7,225,1995
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/4H/2W- intermittent	Cardiac: Changes in heart weight Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight Liver: Changes in liver weight	INHTE5 7,225,1995

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.3 ppm;short term exposure limit 1 ppm	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		AQMOAC #73-19,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTIS** AD778-725
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TIHEEC 18,71,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FSINDR 166,190,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,661,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,515,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,561,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 543,251,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 22,161,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 26,19,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 54,247,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		VETODR ,215,2018

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³)	DTLVS* 3,209,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypt	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.42 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 1 ppm (1.4 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 0.1 ppm (0.15 mg/m³);KZW 0.2 ppm (0.3 mg/m³), 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.14 mg/m³), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	short term exposure limit 0.2 ppm (0.28 mg/m³), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.15 mg/m³), MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-EC	time-weighted average 0.14 mg/m³ (0.1 ppm);short term exposure limit 0.28 mg/m³ (0.2 ppm), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.14 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 0.2 ppm (0.28 mg/m³), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 0.1 ppm (0.13 mg/m³), VLE 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY	MAK 0.1 ppm (0.14 mg/m³), 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY	time-weighted average 0.14 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 0.14 mg/m³, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.14 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 0.2 ppm (0.28 mg/m³), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	ceiling concentration 0.3 ppm (0.42 mg/m³), MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 1 ppm (1 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 1 ppm (1 mg/m³), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.42 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 1 ppm (1.4 mg/m³), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.15 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 0,3 ppm (0,42 mg/m³); short term exposure limit 1 ppm (1,39 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) 0.1 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) 0.8 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 0.1 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 1 ppm (1.4 mg/m³), JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 0.1 ppm (0.15 mg/m³), KZG-week 0.2 ppm (0.3 mg/m³), JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILAND	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 0.4 mg/m³, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.14 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 0.2 ppm (0.28 mg/m³), OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO PHOSPHINE-air	10H time-weighted average 0.3 ppm;short term exposure limit 1.0 ppm	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Phosphine, 6002
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID180

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health