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Pentane

Related Pages
RTECS #
RZ9450000
CAS #
109-66-0
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
72.17
Molecular Formula
C5H12
Synonyms
Amyl hydride
Pentan (Polish)
Pentane (ACGIH:OSHA)
Pentanen (Dutch)
Pentani (Italian)
Skellysolve A

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 130 mg/m3Brain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEG

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Headache		VCVGH* -,28,1990
inhalation/mouse Lowest published lethal concentration: 325 gm/m3/2HBehavioral: ExcitementJPETAB 58,74,1936
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 265000 mg/m3/5MBehavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,28,1990
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 364 gm/m3/4HGTPZAB 32(10),23,1988
intravenous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 446 mg/kgJPMSAE 67,566,1978
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): >2000 mg/kgJTEHF8 58,35,1999

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 116 mg/m3/117D- continuousBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section		VCVGH* -,28,1990
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 8800 mg/m3/12H/16W- intermittentPeripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerveVCVGH* -,28,1990
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 10 gm/kg/4W- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field		TIHEEC 1(3),67,1985

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 600 ppmDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWENTOX* -,345,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNCLNA* 16,503,1998
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 762,76,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 59,364,2011

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 500 ppm (1475 mg/m3)DTLVS* 3,200,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 600 ppm (1770 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 750 ppm (2210 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMtime-weighted average 600 ppm (1800 mg/m3), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMshort term exposure limit 750 ppm (2250 mg/m3), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3), MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ECtime-weighted average 3000 mg/m3 (1000 ppm), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 600 ppm (1800 mg/m3), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANYMAK 1000 ppm (3000 mg/m3), 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYtime-weighted average 2950 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 9400 mg/m3, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPANOccupational Exposure Limit 300 ppm (880 mg/m3), MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 600 ppm (1800 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 750 ppm (2250 mg/m3), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICOtime-weighted average 600 ppm (1800 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 760 ppm (2250 mg/m3), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 600 ppm (1770 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 750 ppm (2210 mg/m3), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 1800 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 2300 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAtime-weighted average 300 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 900 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENtime-weighted average 600 ppm (1800 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 750 ppm (2000 mg/m3), JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 600 ppm (1800 mg/m3), KZG-week 1200 ppm (3600 mg/m3), JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 1800 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 1000 ppm (2950 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 1000 ppm (2950 mg/m3), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 600 ppm (1800 mg/m3), OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)8H time-weighted average 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)8H time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2950 mg/m3)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2950 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)8H time-weighted average 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO PENTANE-air10H time-weighted average 120 ppm;ceiling concentration 610 ppm/15MNIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 54243; Number of Industries 24; Total Number of Facilities 1935; Number of Occupations 47; Total Number of Employees Exposed 38465; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 10889
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 54243; Number of Industries 31; Total Number of Facilities 3762; Number of Occupations 22; Total Number of Employees Exposed 34548

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, BP 36-126 degree C, 1500
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Volatile organic compound, 2549
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health