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Ether, 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl methyl

Related Pages
RTECS #
KN7820000
CAS #
76-38-0
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
164.97
Molecular Formula
C3H4Cl2F2O
Synonyms
2,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl methyl ether
Analgizer
Anecotan
Ethane, 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoro-1-methoxy-
Ingalan
Inhalan
Methoflurane
Methoxane
Methoxyfluran
Methoxyflurane
Metofane
Metoxfluran
Metoxifluran
NSC-110432
Penthrane
Pentran
Pentrane

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
eye /rabbit 100 mg moderateFEPRA7 35,729,1976

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysislymphocyte/human200 ppm/24HENVRAL 12,366,1976
Cytogenetic Analysisfibroblast/mouse100 ppmENVRAL 12,366,1976
Cytogenetic Analysisparenteral/chicken10 mgENVRAL 12,366,1976
other mutation test systemsfibroblast/hamster1 pphANESAV 43,21,1975
other mutation test systemsinhalation/rat5000 ppm/3H-continuousEXPEAM 35,71,1979

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat 100 ppm/8H (1-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)ANESAV 48,11,1978
inhalation/rat 400 ppm/8H (1-21D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal systemANESAV 48,11,1978
inhalation/mouse 2 ppm/4H (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital systemAACRAT 59,421,1980
inhalation/mouse 2000 ppm/4H (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system		AACRAT 59,421,1980

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/Dog lowest published toxic concentration: 3 pphLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Endocrine: Hyperglycemia		VCVGK* -,286,1994
inhalation/human lowest published toxic concentration: 3500 ppm/1HKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressedCANJAE 21,294,1974
inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 34 gm/m3Behavioral: AntipsychoticGTPZAB 24(4),55,1980
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 122600 mg/m3/4HVCVGK* -,286,1994
inhalation/mouse lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 21500 mg/m3Behavioral: General anesthetic

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Behavioral: Excitement		GTPZAB 22(7),55,1978
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 33500 mg/m3/4H85GMAT -,53,1982
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 0.5 pph/2HBehavioral: Food intake (animal)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases		VCVGK* -,286,1994
intravenous/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 150 mg/kgUSXXAM #4168308
oral/mammal (species unspecified) lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3600 mg/kgBehavioral: AntipsychoticGTPZAB 24(4),55,1980
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3.6 mg/kgVCVGK* -,286,1994

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 48600 mg/m3/4H/30D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Other changes

Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia		VCVGK* -,286,1994
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1100 mg/m3/60D- intermittentBrain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes		VCVGK* -,286,1994
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/24H/14W- continuousLiver: Changes in liver weight

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)		APTOA6 57,176,1985
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 48600 mg/m3/4H/30D- intermittentLiver: Other changesFATOAO 35,271,1972

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate EvidenceIMSUDL 7,93,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWARPTDI 16,67,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWKDYIA5 10,82,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWCANJAE 19,152,1972
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWARMCAH 25,411,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAACRAT 57,328,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTPHSDY 23,519,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWAINCM* 7,63,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWDIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHUTOX* -,577,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNBREV* 5,1,1981
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNETEEC 52,68,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 59,364,2011

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 2 ppm (14 mg/m3);KZW 4 ppm (28 mg/m3), 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 2 ppm (14 mg/m3), MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 2 ppm (14 mg/m3), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAshort term exposure limit 200 mg/m3, JUN2003

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO METHOXYFLURANE-airceiling concentration 2 ppmNIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 82904; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 2120; Number of Occupations 14; Total Number of Employees Exposed 32772; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 18210
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 82904; Number of Industries 2; Total Number of Facilities 627; Number of Occupations 6; Total Number of Employees Exposed 8095

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health