Carbon tetrachloride
RTECS #
FG4900000
CAS #
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
153.81
Molecular Formula
CCl4
Synonyms
Benzinoform
Carbon chloride (CCl4)
Carbon TET
Carbon tetrachloride (ACGIH:OSHA)
Carbona
Chlorid uhlicity (Czech)
Czterochlorek wegla (Polish)
ENT 27164
ENT 4,705
Flukoids
Halon 1040
Methane tetrachloride
Methane, tetrachloro-
Necatorina
Perchloromethane
R 10
R 10 (Refrigerant)
RCRA waste number U211
Tetrachloorkoolstof (Dutch)
Tetrachloormetaan
Tetrachlorkohlenstoff, tetra (German)
Tetrachlormethan (German)
Tetrachlorocarbon
Tetrachloromethane (OSHA)
Tetrachlorure de carbone (French)
Tetraclorometano (Italian)
Tetracloruro di carbonio (Italian)
Tetrafinol
Tetraform
Tetrasol
Univerm
Vermoestricid
Carbon chloride (CCl4)
Carbon TET
Carbon tetrachloride (ACGIH:OSHA)
Carbona
Chlorid uhlicity (Czech)
Czterochlorek wegla (Polish)
ENT 27164
ENT 4,705
Flukoids
Halon 1040
Methane tetrachloride
Methane, tetrachloro-
Necatorina
Perchloromethane
R 10
R 10 (Refrigerant)
RCRA waste number U211
Tetrachloorkoolstof (Dutch)
Tetrachloormetaan
Tetrachlorkohlenstoff, tetra (German)
Tetrachlormethan (German)
Tetrachlorocarbon
Tetrachloromethane (OSHA)
Tetrachlorure de carbone (French)
Tetraclorometano (Italian)
Tetracloruro di carbonio (Italian)
Tetrafinol
Tetraform
Tetrasol
Univerm
Vermoestricid
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /rabbit | 2200 µg/30S | mild | XEURAQ MDDC-1715 |
| eye /rabbit | 500 mg/24H | mild | 85JCAE -,91,1986 |
| skin /rabbit | 4 mg | mild | XEURAQ MDDC-1715 |
| skin /rabbit | 500 mg/24H | mild | 85JCAE -,91,1986 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytogenetic Analysis | subcutaneous/rat | 31 gm/kg/12W- intermittent | FHCYAI 13,207,1975 |
| DNA adduct | intraperitoneal/mouse | 367 µmol/kg | IJCNAW 11,419,1973 |
| DNA adduct | liver/mouse | 10 µmol | PAACA3 24,81,1983 |
| DNA adduct | intraperitoneal/rat | 367 µmol/kg | IJCNAW 11,419,1973 |
| DNA adduct | /Escherichia coli | 300 ppm | MUREAV 89,95,1981 |
| DNA adduct | lymphocyte/mammal (species unspecified) | 1 mmol/L | TOLED5 11,243,1982 |
| DNA Damage | liver/rat | 1 mmol/L/2H | TXCYAC 187,101,2003 |
| DNA Damage | intraperitoneal/rat | 7.2 mL/kg/4W- intermittent | FCTOD7 48,2469,2010 |
| DNA Damage | subcutaneous/rat | 31 gm/kg/12W- intermittent | FHCYAI 13,207,1975 |
| DNA Damage | liver/rat | 3 mmol/L | SinJF# 26OCT1982 |
| DNA Damage | oral/mouse | 335 µmol/kg | PSEBAA 175,237,1984 |
| DNA Damage | lymphocyte/mouse | 6550 µmol/L | MUREAV 203,155,1988 |
| DNA inhibition | oral/mouse | 2 gm/kg | MUREAV 46,305,1977 |
| DNA repair | oral/mouse | 100 mg/kg | TCMUD8 18,309,1998 |
| DNA repair | /Escherichia coli | 12500 ng/well | MUREAV 133,161,1984 |
| gene conversion and mitotic recombination | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 2 gm/L | MUREAV 397,271,1998 |
| gene conversion and mitotic recombination | /Aspergillus nidulans | 5000 ppm | MUREAV 147,288,1985 |
| morphological transform | embryo/hamster | 500 µg/L | CRNGDP 4,291,1983 |
| morphological transform | fibroblast/mouse | 0.01 mg/L/21D (-enzymatic activation step) | EMMUEG 35,300,2000 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 0.5 pph/24H (+enzymatic activation step) | EMMUEG 43,128,2004 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Escherichia coli | 0.2 pph/24H (+enzymatic activation step) | EMMUEG 43,128,2004 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Escherichia coli | 0.1 pph/24H (-enzymatic activation step) | EMMUEG 43,128,2004 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Escherichia coli | 0.1 pph/24H | EMMUEG 43,128,2004 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Aspergillus nidulans | 5000 ppm (-enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 147,288,1985 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 20 µL/L (+enzymatic activation step) | EJMBA2 18,213,1983 |
| other mutation test systems | intraperitoneal/rat | 100 mg/kg | TOLED5 35,191,1987 |
| other mutation test systems | oral/rat | 50 mg/kg | MUREAV 344,109,1995 |
| other mutation test systems | intraperitoneal/rat | 7.2 mL/kg/4W- intermittent | FCTOD7 48,2469,2010 |
| phage inhibition capacity | /Escherichia coli | 200 µg/well | MUREAV 260,349,1991 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | /Aspergillus nidulans | 5000 ppm | MUREAV 147,288,1985 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | lung/hamster | 1600 µmol/L | MUREAV 182,135,1987 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | intraperitoneal/rat | 100 mg/kg | TOLED5 35,191,1987 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | oral/rat | 1400 mg/kg | MUREAV 320,189,1994 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | oral/mouse | 100 mg/kg | ENMUDM 6,474,1984 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | 300 ppm/7H (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Homeostasis | TXAPA9 28,452,1974 |
| inhalation/rat | 250 ppm/8H (10-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) | DABBBA 32,2021,1971 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | 71500 mg/kg (15D male) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands | EXPEAM 22,395,1966 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | 5 gm/kg (1D male) | Reproductive: Other effects on male | TXCYAC 10,39,1978 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | 32 mL/kg (16W male) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Other effects on male | FCTOD7 47,1393,2009 |
| oral/rat | 2 gm/kg (7-8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | 85DJA5 -,95,1971 |
| oral/rat | 3 gm/kg (14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) | BEXBAN 82,1262,1976 |
| oral/rat | 150 mg/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | TJADAB 56,252,1997 |
| oral/rat | 750 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | FAATDF 40,30,1997 |
| parenteral/rat | 2384 mg/kg (18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system | BEXBAN 76,1467,1973 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 25 ppm/6H/6W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens | TOLED5 176,207,2008 |
| oral/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 9250 mg/kg/30W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Tumors | JNCIAM 26,855,1961 |
| oral/mouse | toxic dose: 12 gm/kg/88D- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | JNCIAM 4,385,1944 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 4400 mg/kg/19W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Skin and Appendages: Tumors | JNCIAM 20,431,1958 |
| oral/mouse | toxic dose: 8580 mg/kg/9W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | JNCIAM 4,385,1944 |
| oral/mouse | toxic dose: 57600 mg/kg/12W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | JNCIAM 2,197,1941 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5040 mg/kg/36W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens | TXCYAC 199,169,2004 |
| parenteral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 305 gm/kg/30W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | BEXBAN 89,845,1980 |
| subcutaneous/rat | toxic dose: 100 gm/kg/25W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | KRMJAC 12,37,1965 |
| subcutaneous/rat | toxic dose: 31 gm/kg/12W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | JNCIAM 45,1237,1970 |
| subcutaneous/rat | toxic dose: 182 gm/kg/70W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Endocrine: Thyroid tumors | JNCIAM 44,419,1970 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 15600 mg/kg/12W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | JNCIAM 38,891,1967 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/Chicken, neurons | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 8013 µmol/L/21H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 7,653,1993 |
| In Vitro/Chicken, neurons | Inhibitor Concentration (10 percent kill): 1621 µmol/L/21H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 7,653,1993 |
| In Vitro/Chicken, neurons | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 5464 µmol/L/20H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc. | TIVIEQ 7,653,1993 |
| In Vitro/Chicken, neurons | Inhibitor Concentration (10 percent kill): 950 µmol/L/20H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc. | TIVIEQ 7,653,1993 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | FCTOD7 62,432,2013 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.1 pph/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | JOETD7 155,213,2014 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 ppm/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JOETD7 143,194,2012 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.5 pph/4H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | JOETD7 153,854,2014 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 gm/L/48H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | JOETD7 174,355,2015 |
| In Vitro/ilb | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.35 pph/6H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | PYTOEY 34,59,2017 |
| In Vitro/Mouse, ascites tumour | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 3 mmol/L/1H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc. | TIVIEQ 26,1040,2012 |
| In Vitro/Mouse, ascites tumour | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 3 mmol/L/1H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TIVIEQ 26,1040,2012 |
| In Vitro/Mouse, liver | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 12.5 mmol/L/2H | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TIVIEQ 4,783,1990 |
| In Vitro/Non-mammalian species, liver | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 3.5 mmol/L/1H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay | AQUTO* 37,327,1997 |
| In Vitro/Rat, embryo | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 mg/L/24H | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TIVIEQ 3,271,1989 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 18.7 mmol/L/2H | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TIVIEQ 4,783,1990 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 0.4 mmol/L/1H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc. | TIVIEQ 26,1040,2012 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.4 mmol/L/1H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TIVIEQ 26,1040,2012 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 86 µmol/L | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell membrane integrity: Cytoplasmic enzymes leakage (lactate dehydrogenase, ATP enzymes etc.) In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc. In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | FCTOD7 111,631,2018 |
| inhalation/cat | Lowest published lethal concentration: 38110 ppm/2H | HBAMAK 4,1405,1935 | |
| inhalation/cat | lowest published toxic concentration: 6300 mg/m3/15M | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Changes in liver weight | VCVGH* -,340,1990 |
| inhalation/Dog | lowest published toxic concentration: 133000 mg/m3/1H | Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGH* -,339,1990 |
| inhalation/Dog | Lowest published lethal concentration: 14620 ppm/8H | Behavioral: General anesthetic Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease | NIHBAZ 191,1,1949 |
| inhalation/frog | Lowest published lethal concentration: 58 gm/m3 | AEXPBL 97,86,1923 | |
| inhalation/guinea pig | Lowest published lethal concentration: 20000 ppm/2H | FLCRAP 1,197,1967 | |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 80000 mg/m3/40M | Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGH* -,339,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 20 ppm | Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | 85CYAB 2,136,1959 |
| inhalation/human | Lowest published lethal concentration: 1000 ppm | PCOC** -,198,1966 | |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 45 ppm/3D | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Anorexia (human) Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | LANCAO 1,360,1960 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 317 ppm/30M | Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | JAMAAP 103,962,1934 |
| inhalation/human | Lowest published lethal concentration: 5 pph/5M | TABIA2 3,231,1933 | |
| inhalation/human | Lowest published lethal concentration: 50000 mg/m3/1H | VCVGH* -,341,1990 | |
| inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 34500 mg/m3 | GTPZAB 24(3),17,1980 | |
| inhalation/monkey | lowest published toxic concentration: 75000 mg/m3 | Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGH* -,339,1990 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 134300 mg/m3/90S | Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning | VCVGH* -,339,1990 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 50000 mg/m3/2H | Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGH* -,307,1990 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 34500 mg/m3/2H | VCVGH* -,339,1990 | |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 9526 ppm/8H | JIHTAB 29,382,1947 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 8000 ppm/4H | NPIRI* 1,16,1974 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 46000 mg/m3/6H | VCVGH* -,339,1990 | |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1350 ppm/1H | Liver: Other changes | VCVGH* -,339,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 75000 mg/m3/2H | Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGH* -,339,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 670 mg/m3 | Behavioral: Altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Vascular: Other changes | TPKVAL 15,76,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.02 gm/m3/4H | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal | TPKVAL 9,37,1967 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.1 gm/m3/4H | Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TPKVAL 9,43,1967 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 3.25 gm/m3/4H | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TPKVAL 12,23,1971 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.35 gm/m3/4H | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume increased Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TPKVAL 12,23,1971 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.025 gm/m3/4H | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria | TPKVAL 12,23,1971 |
| intraperitoneal/chicken | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4497 mg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from small intestine Gastrointestinal: Other changes | BVJOA9 127,304,1971 |
| intraperitoneal/chicken | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2.83 mg/kg/1H | Gastrointestinal: Peritonitis | BVJOA9 127,304,1971 |
| intraperitoneal/Dog | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1500 mg/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TXAPA9 10,119,1967 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 572 mg/kg | PHMCAA 10,172,1968 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 40,517,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 572 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),360,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 1 mL/kg | TOSCF2 73,220,2003 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.01 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal | TXAPA9 197,301,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 gm/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TXAPA9 208,87,2005 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | TXCYAC 218,58,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.02 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) | TXAPA9 223,56,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 78,306,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | TOXID9 78,306,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 572 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TOXID9 78,310,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.0175 mL/kg | Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Sensory syndrome diagnostic of central lesion Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from afferent nerve | TOLED5 160,204,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1590 mg/kg | Liver: Multiple effects Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 228,310,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1590 mg/kg | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 228,310,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1.25 mL/kg | JPETAB 316,507,2006 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 15.38 mg/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JAPTO* 27,25,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TXCYAC 218,58,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 153.81 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXCYAC 243,249,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.5 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | JPHSC* 106,136,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 20 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | FCTOD7 46,1778,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 µL/kg | Liver: Other changes | TOLED5 177,20,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | JPHSC* 109,119,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | HETOEA 27,559,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | BCLPT* 103,17,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg/24H | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXCYAC 373,30,2016 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 60 mg/kg/24H | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXCYAC 373,30,2016 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TOLED5 274,51,2017 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 mL/kg/24H | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 102,129,2017 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 µL/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXCYAC 325,85,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 µL/kg | Liver: Jaundice, cholestatic | TXCYAC 325,85,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | PYTOEY 23,583,2016 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.012 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | JOETD7 146,794,2013 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.03 mL/kg | Liver: Multiple effects Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | FCTOD7 64,41,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.02 mL/kg | Liver: Multiple effects Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 67,105,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 48,3177,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | FCTOD7 47,2022,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.5 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases | BJPCBM 155,945,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOLED5 188,201,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 750 µL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 50,2473,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 50 µL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 50,3073,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.015 gm/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FTRPAE 91,247,2013 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FTRPAE 81,375,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.01 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Liver function tests impaired | FTRPAE 81,1246,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 mg/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FITOT* 82,591,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 3 mL/kg | TOXID9 72,196,2003 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases | JOETD7 136,309,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.01 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JOETD7 136,316,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXCYAC 278,345,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 20 µL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXCYAC 282,104,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rabbit | lowest published lethal dose: 477 mg/kg | GASTAB 71,118,1976 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.5 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Liver function tests impaired | CYLPDN 22,1159,2001 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1500 µL/kg | XEURAQ MDDC-1715 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | BCPCA6 66,1091,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXAPA9 191,211,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 3 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXAPA9 191,211,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.25 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOXID9 72,96,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.25 mL/kg | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Ca | VCVGH* -,340,1990 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | FCTOD7 48,803,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | FCTOD7 48,944,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | BCLPT* 100,115,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOLED5 179,124,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.5 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes | TOLED5 179,124,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases | TXAPA9 228,225,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (70 percent kill): 3 mL/kg | TXAPA9 228,225,2008 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TXAPA9 228,239,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXCYAC 255,6,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.2 mL/kg | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXAPA9 226,38,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TOLED5 170,42,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 206,27,2005 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Changes in liver weight | EJPHAZ 546,152,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Xanthine oxidases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JAPTO* 26,178,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | TOXID9 66,284,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3 mL/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 66,362,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 26 µL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 66,363,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TXAPA9 206,27,2005 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes | TXCYAC 238,49,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXCYAC 237,1,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.25 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 49,1604,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 50,3405,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 0.1 mL/kg | HBPTO* 1,880,2001 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.05 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TOVEFN -,12,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 mL/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TOVEFN -,12,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.25 mL/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other esterases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other hydrolases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases | TOVEFN -,12,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.5 mL/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | TOVEFN -,12,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | TXCYAC 303,115,2013 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JOETD7 142,795,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.5 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired | JOETD7 143,194,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.5 mL/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases | FCTOD7 50,310,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXCYAC 316,55,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.5 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 113,145,2018 |
| intratracheal/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 90 mg/kg | NTIS** OTS0520615 | |
| intrauterine/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXCYAC 256,191,2009 |
| intravenous/Dog | lowest published lethal dose: 125 mg/kg | QJPPAL 7,205,1934 | |
| intravenous/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5840 mg/kg | Behavioral: Excitement Behavioral: Coma Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | ZAPPAN 118,305,1974 |
| intravenous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3200 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | BCPCA6 67,2141,2004 |
| oral/Dog | lowest published lethal dose: 1 gm/kg | QJPPAL 7,205,1934 | |
| oral/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5760 mg/kg | VCVGH* -,339,1990 | |
| oral/human | lowest published lethal dose: 0.3 mL/kg | VCVGH* -,342,1990 | |
| oral/human | lowest published toxic dose: 0.7 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes | VCVGH* -,342,1990 |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6 gm/kg | GTPZAB 32(10),25,1988 | |
| oral/man | lowest published toxic dose: 1700 mg/kg | Behavioral: Tremor Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Gastrointestinal: Other changes | SAMJAF 49,635,1975 |
| oral/man | lowest published lethal dose: 429 mg/kg | Cardiac: Change in rate Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cyanosis Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Interstitial nephritis | ZHYGAM 19,781,1973 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 25 µL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOXID9 44,393,2005 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 7749 mg/kg | VCVGH* -,339,1990 | |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Other changes | JTPAE7 15,161,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | JTSCDR 31,23,2006 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes | JTSCDR 31,23,2006 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 10 mL/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Liver: Other changes | BPBLEO 27,1913,2004 |
| oral/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5760 mg/kg | VCVGH* -,339,1990 | |
| oral/rabbit | lowest published toxic dose: 0.25 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FATOAO 47,87,1984 |
| oral/rabbit | lowest published lethal dose: 250 mg/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FATOAO 44,191,1981 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 gm/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 49,2422,2011 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 49,3183,2011 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg | Liver: Multiple effects Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | FCTOD7 63,174,2014 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 47,2321,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.75 mL/kg | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 47,2742,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.75 mL/kg | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 48,3184,2010 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.25 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 48,1255,2010 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases | JOETD7 149,737,2013 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.25 mL/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | JOETD7 158,442,2014 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | JPETAB 300,273,2002 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2350 mg/kg | ARTODN 54,275,1983 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.25 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse | CEXPB9 30,799,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.8 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | ARTODN 77,392,2003 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 gm/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TOXID9 66,87,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.66 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TXCYAC 196,155,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.25 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXAPA9 183,71,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1600 mg/kg | Olfaction: Change in olfactory nerve Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | ARTODN 79,224,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TOXID9 60,236,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal | TOXID9 78,435,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1600 mg/kg | Olfaction: Ulcerated nasal septum Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal | TOXID9 78,435,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | JTSCDR 31,49,2006 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TPKVAL 15,87,1979 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8 mg/kg | TPKVAL 12,162,1971 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | JTPAE7 17,223,2004 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Other changes | JTSCDR 32,401,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes | JTSCDR 32,469,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.5 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | INJPD2 38,408,2006 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | INJPD2 39,33,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 mL/kg | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | BPBLEO 31,493,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | PHREP* 57,596,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TOLED5 179,124,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 gm/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | JAPTO* 28,147,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 47,1453,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2000 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired | JTSCDR 34,175,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 mL/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TXCYAC 261,33,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.4 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | FCTOD7 46,2972,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.8 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases | FCTOD7 46,2972,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.2 mL/kg | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | FCTOD7 46,2972,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.6 mL/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight | FCTOD7 46,2972,2008 |
| oral/woman | lowest published toxic dose: 1800 mg/kg | Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction) Behavioral: Coma Behavioral: Antipsychotic | TXMDAX 69,86,1973 |
| parenteral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TOLED5 183,36,2008 |
| parenteral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.01 mL/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | FCTOD7 50,2681,2012 |
| parenteral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TOXID9 44,46,2005 |
| skin/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): >9400 µL/kg | TXAPA9 7,559,1965 | |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): >20 gm/kg | ATDAEI 1,712,1992 | |
| skin/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5070 mg/kg | SPEADM 78-1,16,1978 | |
| subcutaneous/cat | lowest published lethal dose: 300 mg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Hemorrhage | JPETAB 63,153,1938 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 31 gm/kg | Behavioral: Sleep Behavioral: Ataxia | JPETAB 123,224,1958 |
| subcutaneous/rabbit | lowest published lethal dose: 3 gm/kg | QJPPAL 7,205,1934 | |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4000 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FATOAO 53,33,1990 |
| unreported route/man | lowest published lethal dose: 93 mg/kg | 85DCAI 2,73,1970 | |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3000 mg/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TOXID9 66,199,2002 |
| unreported route/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.3 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | TOXID9 -,239,2009 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.8 mg/kg | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Plasma proteins not involving coagulation Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TOLED5 180S,S39,2008 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 66,10,2002 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.125 mL/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 111,631,2018 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/Dog | lowest published toxic concentration: 515 mg/m3/8H/6W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | TXAPA9 10,270,1967 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 515 mg/m3/8H/6W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | TXAPA9 10,270,1967 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 61 mg/m3/90D- continuous | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | TXAPA9 10,270,1967 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/7H/33W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | AMIHBC 6,50,1952 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | lowest published toxic concentration: 25 ppm/8H/46W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Endocrine: Other changes | JIHTAB 18,277,1936 |
| inhalation/hamster | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/12W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | TOXID9 48,408,1999 |
| inhalation/monkey | lowest published toxic concentration: 515 mg/m3/8H/6W- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis (interstitial) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | TXAPA9 10,270,1967 |
| inhalation/monkey | lowest published toxic concentration: 61 mg/m3/90D- continuous | Liver: Other changes Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair | TXAPA9 10,270,1967 |
| inhalation/monkey | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/8H/46W- intermittent | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath | JIHTAB 18,277,1936 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 20 ppm/12W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | TOXID9 48,408,1999 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 515 mg/m3/8H/6W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | TXAPA9 10,270,1967 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 61 mg/m3/90D- continuous | Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 10,270,1967 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/7H/30W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | AMIHBC 6,50,1952 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 mg/m3/3H/35W- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | GTPZAB 25(5),47,1981 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 61 mg/m3/90D- continuous | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 10,270,1967 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/1H/46D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight | AMIHBC 6,50,1952 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/7H/27W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | AMIHBC 6,50,1952 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/3H/8W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | INHEAO 11,48,1973 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 400 ppm/8H/46W- intermittent | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Structural change in nerve or sheath Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JIHTAB 18,277,1936 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 41 mg/m3/4H/8D- intermittent | Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction | TPKVAL 12,5,1971 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 0.0144 gm/m3/2D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TPKVAL 13,145,1973 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 670 mg/m3/4D- intermittent | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Recording from peripheral motor nerve Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Changes in liver weight | TPKVAL 15,76,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 670 mg/m3/8D- intermittent | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | TPKVAL 15,76,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 240 mg/m3/4D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Other changes | TPKVAL 15,76,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 240 mg/m3/8D- intermittent | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TPKVAL 15,76,1979 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 240 mg/m3/14D- intermittent | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight | TPKVAL 15,76,1979 |
| intramuscular/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 32 mg/kg/30D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Liver: Other changes Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | FATOAO 46,103,1983 |
| intramuscular/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kg/4D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Multiple effects Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | FATOAO 50,67,1987 |
| intramuscular/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8 gm/kg/4D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse | PCJOAU 36,91,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 4.8 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) | TOXID9 72,198,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 39 mL/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JJATDK 26,326,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 0.07 mL/kg/2D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed | TXAPA9 223,56,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 12 mL/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) | JPETAB 323,778,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5.6 mL/kg/7W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Changes in liver weight | FCTOD7 49,848,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 420 mg/kg/7W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight | JOETD7 135,173,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5.6 mL/kg/7W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Changes in liver weight | TXCYAC 272,1,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 800 µL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | TXCYAC 273,45,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2.4 mL/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JOETD7 145,175,2013 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3.6 mL/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | JOETD7 153,659,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1.6 mL/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 91,91,2016 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 7 mL/kg/10W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) | FCTOD7 93,129,2016 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 8 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TOLED5 261,1,2016 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1.6 mL/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TOLED5 265,17,2017 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 200 µL/kg/2D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired | PYTOEY 24,68,2017 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7 ml/kg/7D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired | PYTOEY 33,14,2017 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32 mL/kg/16W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JOETD7 192,114,2016 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5.7 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | JOETD7 153,744,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 mL/kg/32D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | JOETD7 151,183,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.104 mL/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | JOETD7 155,736,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 16 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) | JOETD7 158,230,2014 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/4D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JOETD7 148,570,2013 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 48 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) | TXCYAC 303,107,2013 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 24 mL/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TOLED5 222,72,2013 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.75 mL/kg/5D- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired | JOETD7 142,642,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 mL/kg/48H- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | FCTOD7 61,196,2013 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.8 mL/kg/7D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FTRPAE 83,81,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12 mL/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JOETD7 135,575,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | JOETD7 135,575,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/2D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Liver function tests impaired | JOETD7 136,55,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.28 gm/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 50,3086,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12 mL/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 50,3343,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.16 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | TXAPA9 248,234,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6.4 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 252,165,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6 mL/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Changes in liver weight | TXAPA9 258,134,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12 mL/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXCYAC 290,327,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 20 mL/kg/10W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight | JOETD7 140,179,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 16 mL/kg/16W- intermittent | Vascular: Measurement of regional blood flow Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Blood: Changes in spleen | CEXPB9 33(Suppl),A2,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired | JPHSC* 109,119,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 16 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 47,2111,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7.2 mL/kg/4W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 48,2469,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2.8 mL/kg/7D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FITOT* 82,454,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12 mL/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TOLED5 176,223,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/2D- intermittent | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | IJPHA* 41,36,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32 mL/kg/16W- intermittent | Endocrine: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight | FCTOD7 47,1393,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9.6 gm/kg/8W- continuous | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JAPTO* 28,35,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9.6 gm/kg/8W- continuous | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | JAPTO* 28,1021,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5 mL/kg/16D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | IRJPH* 6,5,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 mL/kg/28D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXCYAC 248,59,2008 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4.9 mL/kg/7D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | JTSCDR 27,139,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12 mL/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) | FCTOD7 41,1789,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7 mL/kg/7W- intermittent | Liver: Multiple effects Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TXCYAC 187,67,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 mL/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) | TOXID9 72,345,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9600 mg/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JAPTO* 23,103,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9600 mg/kg/8W- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JAPTO* 23,103,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.12 mL/kg/7W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 44,336,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/1W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | CEXPB9 27,694,2000 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 mL/kg/2W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | CEXPB9 27,694,2000 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10 mL/kg/5W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | CEXPB9 27,694,2000 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 14 mL/kg/7W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | CEXPB9 27,694,2000 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 20 mL/kg/10W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | FATOAO 47,67,1984 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.78 mL/kg/1W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired | BCPCA6 63,697,2002 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/2D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FCTOD7 44,1989,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4200 µL/kg/2W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases | IJEBA6 37,1025,1999 |
| oral/Dog | lowest published toxic dose: 636 gm/kg/16D- intermittent | Behavioral: Muscle weakness Blood: Change in clotting factors Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JPETAB 22,215,1923 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 8750 mg/kg/14D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | FAATDF 7,454,1986 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1080 mg/kg/90D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases | FAATDF 7,454,1986 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 7000 mg/kg/14D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | NTPTR* IMM-94001 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 700 mg/kg/7D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight | NTPTR* IMM-91021 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3500 mg/kg/7D- intermittent | Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | NTPTR* IMM-91021 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3.2 gm/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 48,1644,2010 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 16 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 47,2281,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 16 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | FCTOD7 47,2031,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 6 mL/kg/3W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JOETD7 135,440,2011 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 16 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JOETD7 135,116,2011 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg/5W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Other changes | TOLED5 255,1,2016 |
| oral/rabbit | lowest published toxic dose: 117.2 mg/kg/16W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | CEXPB9 27,987,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8000 mg/kg/4D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Jaundice (or hyperbilirubinemia) hepatocellular | FATOAO 50,66,1987 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.6 mL/kg/1W- intermittent | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) | JTSCDR 25,33,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3 mL/kg/5W- intermittent | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | JTSCDR 25,33,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4.8 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JTSCDR 25,33,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.8 mL/kg/6D/3W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JTSCDR 25,33,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.2 mL/kg/6D/2W- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | JTSCDR 25,33,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4.8 mL/kg/6D/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli | JTSCDR 25,33,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9.6 mL/kg/6D/8W- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JTSCDR 25,33,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4800 µL/kg/8W- intermittent | Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) | JTSCDR 25,33,2000 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1200 mg/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FAATDF 15,558,1990 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4197 µg/kg/28D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes | JPPMAB 3,169,1951 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg/10D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | FAATDF 17,186,1991 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3.2 mg/kg/4D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TPKVAL 13,145,1973 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 16 mg/kg/2D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired | TPKVAL 13,145,1973 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 24 mL/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Other changes Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JOETD7 142,548,2012 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 24 mL/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JOETD7 143,889,2012 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6 mL/kg/6W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Changes in liver weight | JOETD7 144,592,2012 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 240 mg/kg/3D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TXCYAC 304,49,2013 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.6 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight | JOETD7 134,379,2011 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/28D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 49,2433,2011 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3.2 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 50,713,2012 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3.2 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 50,3413,2012 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 16470 mg/kg/28D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Changes in liver weight | FCTOD7 44,1424,2006 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3.2 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | FCTOD7 48,345,2010 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3.75 mL/kg/15D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | FCTOD7 47,2742,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6.4 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 46,2267,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 mL/kg/8D- intermittent | Cardiac: Other changes Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | FCTOD7 46,2288,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1.5 mL/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 46,2703,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg/2W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JTPAE7 15,79,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 mg/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | JTPAE7 15,79,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8 mL/kg/2W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TXCYAC 253,36,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32 mL/kg/2W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TXCYAC 253,36,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12 ml/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | PYTOEY 33,28,2017 |
| parenteral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6.5 mL/kg/30D- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration | TXAPA9 208,242,2005 |
| parenteral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12.5 mL/kg/60D- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXAPA9 208,242,2005 |
| parenteral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 19 mL/kg/90D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXAPA9 208,242,2005 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 24000 mg/kg/3W- intermittent | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | BIPBU* 24,1271,2001 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 64000 mg/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | BIPBU* 24,1271,2001 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 896 gm/kg/56D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 294,43,2016 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8000 mg/kg/4D- intermittent | Liver: Multiple effects | FATOAO 50,66,1987 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2160 mg/kg/6W- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field Behavioral: Irritability Behavioral: Aggression | ACPSI* 23,739,2002 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 18 mL/kg/5D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | TPKVAL 5,100,1963 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 36 mL/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | FCLPH* 19,491,2005 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 31200 µL/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) | ARPAAQ 85,275,1968 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 24 mL/kg/12W- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired | CYLPDN 22,183,2001 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8 mg/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Other changes | JTPAE7 17,219,2004 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 14 mL/kg/14D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 47,2196,2009 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 8 mL/kg/20D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | FCTOD7 48,2827,2010 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/2D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 49,185,2011 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7 mL/kg/14D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | FCTOD7 48,704,2010 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4 mL/kg/1W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | IJPHA* 41,23,2009 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/2D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases | JOETD7 141,104,2012 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 19.2 mL/kg/8W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | JOETD7 142,151,2012 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/2D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | JOETD7 148,664,2013 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6 mL/kg/30D- intermittent | Liver: Fatty liver degeneration Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXAPA9 208,242,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 18 mL/kg/30D- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post- necrotic scarring) Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXAPA9 208,242,2005 |
| unreported route/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg/4D- intermittent | Liver: Jaundice, cholestatic Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 66,10,2002 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 5 ppm;short term exposure limit 10 ppm (skin) | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Suspected human carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 20,371,1979 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 71,401,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 1,53,1972 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 1,53,1972 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 20,371,1979 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 71,401,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 2B | IMEMDT 71,401,1999 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ARZNAD 24,173,1974 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | 32XPAD -,49,1975 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | PAREAQ 4,1,1952 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | AJMEAZ 38,409,1965 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | BNYMAM 54,413,1978 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | CTOXAO 13,231,1978 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | 85CVA2 5,250,1970 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | CRTXB2 7,177,1980 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JTEHD6 6,1133,1980 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTIS** PB256-732 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXCYAC 189,113,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 543,201,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 567,227,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | CRTXB2 33,105,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXCYAC 196,1,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 613,138,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | DIMON* 39,678,1993 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 628,67,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 627,59,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EJPHAZ 549,1,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 584,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 654,114,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HUTOX* -,577,1996 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HTOPA* 1,501,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXCYAC 254,130,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | PTPAD4 113,229,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | AIRMJ* 20,8,2001 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 590,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUTAEX 22,161,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 682,94,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUTAEX 23,271,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NBREV* 5,1,1981 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXAPA9 243,154,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXAPA9 243,167,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | PAREAQ 60,79,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,617,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,629,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 711,13,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 49,132,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 714,105,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 723,108,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 722,147,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 751,49,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 746,104,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 733,39,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXAPA9 254,86,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 198,100,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 204,148,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 55,596,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXCYAC 307,35,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXCYAC 307,123,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 783,1,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 783,13,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 802,1,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 86,309,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 770,170,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 770,183,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TIVIEQ 30,569,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 827,1,2018 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 108,365,2017 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 109,650,2017 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 110,229,2017 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 59,364,2011 |
Standards and Regulations
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air | time-weighted average 10 ppm (65 mg/m3) (skin) | DTLVS* 3,43,1971 |
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV; | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypt | time-weighted average 5 ppm (30 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.63 mg/m3), Carcinogen, JUL2008 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | MAK-TMW 10 ppm (65 mg/m3);KZW 40 ppm (260 mg/m3), skin, 2007 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 5 ppm (31 mg/m3), MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | short term exposure limit 10 ppm (64 mg/m3), Skin, MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | time-weighted average 1 ppm (6.3 mg/m3), skin, carc, MAY2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND | time-weighted average 1 ppm (6.3 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 5 ppm (31 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 2 ppm (12 mg/m3), VLE 10 ppm (60 mg/m3), C3 Carcinogen, FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY | MAK 0.5 ppm (3.2 mg/m3), skin, 2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY | Prohibited in Hungary, SEP2000 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | time-weighted average 1 ppm (6.3 mg/m3), carc, skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-INDIA | time-weighted average 5 ppm (30 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN | Occupational Exposure Limit 5 ppm (31 mg/m3), skin, 2B carc, MAY2012 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | time-weighted average 5 ppm (30 mg/m3), skin, 2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 5 ppm (30 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 20 ppm (126 mg/m3) (skin), 2004 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | time-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.63 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY | time-weighted average 2 ppm (13 mg/m3), JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 5 ppm (31 mg/m3); short term exposure limit 10 ppm (63 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND | MAC(time-weighted average) 20 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 100 mg/m3, JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | time-weighted average 10 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 20 mg/m3, JUN2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN | time-weighted average 2 ppm (13 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 3 ppm (19 mg/m3), Skin, Carcinogen, JUN2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | MAK-week 0.5 ppm (3.2 mg/m3), KZG-week 1 ppm (6.4 mg/m3), carc 3, skin, JAN2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILAND | time-weighted average 10 ppm, short term exposure limit 25 ppm, JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS | MAC-TGG 3.2 mg/m3, Skin, 2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES | time-weighted average 10 ppm (65 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM | time-weighted average 2 ppm (13 mg/m3), skin, OCT2007 | |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | 8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (65 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | 8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (65 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | 8H time-weighted average 10 ppm;ceiling concentration 25 ppm;Pk 200 ppm/5M/4H | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | 8H time-weighted average 10 ppm (65 mg/m3) (skin) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-air | Carcinogen short term exposure limit 2 ppm/60M | NIOSH* DHHS #95-121,1995 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 17490; Number of Industries 77; Total Number of Facilities 6629; Number of Occupations 72; Total Number of Employees Exposed 104174; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 20699 | |
| National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 | Hazard Code 17490; Number of Industries 73; Total Number of Facilities 5152; Number of Occupations 56; Total Number of Employees Exposed 64009 |
Status in Federal Agencies
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health