Acetic acid, trichloro-
RTECS #
AJ7875000
CAS #
Updated
September 2018
Molecular Weight
163.38
Molecular Formula
C2HCl3O2
Synonyms
Aceto-caustin
Acide trichloracetique (French)
Acido tricloroacetico (Italian)
Amchem grass killer
Konesta
Kyselina trichloroctova (Czech)
NA TA
Sodium TCA solution
Trichloorazijnzuur (Dutch)
Trichloressigsaeure (German)
Trichloroacetate
Trichloroacetic acid
Trichloroacetic acid (ACGIH)
Trichloroacetic acid (IUPAC)
Trichloroethanoic acid
Trichloromethanecarboxylic acid
Acide trichloracetique (French)
Acido tricloroacetico (Italian)
Amchem grass killer
Konesta
Kyselina trichloroctova (Czech)
NA TA
Sodium TCA solution
Trichloorazijnzuur (Dutch)
Trichloressigsaeure (German)
Trichloroacetate
Trichloroacetic acid
Trichloroacetic acid (ACGIH)
Trichloroacetic acid (IUPAC)
Trichloroethanoic acid
Trichloromethanecarboxylic acid
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /rabbit | 3500 µg/5S | severe | XEURAQ MDDC-1715 |
| skin /rabbit | 210 µg | mild | XEURAQ MDDC-1715 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytogenetic Analysis | intraperitoneal/mouse | 125 mg/kg | MUREAV 188,215,1987 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | oral/mouse | 500 mg/kg | MUREAV 188,215,1987 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | intraperitoneal/chicken | 200 mg/kg | MUREAV 367,253,1996 |
| DNA adduct | intraperitoneal/mouse | 2000 nmol/L/1W- intermittent | CALEDQ 185,13,2002 |
| DNA Damage | oral/mouse | 300 mg/kg | TOXID9 90,101,2006 |
| DNA Damage | other cell types/human | 100 µmol/L/4H | MUREAV 741,89,2012 |
| micronucleus test | intraperitoneal/mouse | 300 mg/kg/24H | MUREAV 188,215,1987 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 250 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step) | CNJGA8 22,35,1980 |
| other mutation test systems | oral/mouse | 250 mg/kg | MUREAV 343,157,1995 |
| specific locus test | liver/mouse | 12241 µmol/L | MUREAV 608,29,2006 |
| sperm morphology | intraperitoneal/mouse | 125 mg/kg/5D | MUREAV 188,215,1987 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| intraperitoneal/mouse | 125 mg/kg (5D male) | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) | MUREAV 188,215,1987 |
| oral/rat | 3025 mg/kg (1-11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Homeostasis | BDERE* 67,488,2003 |
| oral/rat | 3300 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system | TOXID9 44,82,2005 |
| oral/rat | 3000 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TOXID9 66,24,2002 |
| oral/rat | 10000 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system | BDERB* 77,47,2006 |
| oral/rat | 8 gm/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) | TJADAB 40,445,1989 |
| oral/rat | 6402 mg/kg (1-22D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Pre- implantation mortality (e.g., reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system | JACCDI 32,540,1998 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 427 gm/kg/61W- continuous | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | TXAPA9 90,183,1987 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 210 gm/kg/12W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens | CALEDQ 158,185,2000 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 145.6 gm/kg/52W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains | TXAPA9 182,55,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5040 mg/kg/36W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Facilitates action of known carcinogens | TXCYAC 199,169,2004 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/Human, liver tumor | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 21 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis | TIVIEQ 3,189,1989 |
| In Vitro/jzx | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 1408.43 mg/L/48H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (lysosomal damage): neutral red assay etc. | TIVIEQ 25,1989,2011 |
| In Vitro/Non-mammalian species, fibroblast | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 5.9 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell counting | TIVIEQ 7,537,1993 |
| In Vitro/pra | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 mmol/L/6D | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 25,1638,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kg | CBCCT* 6,214,1954 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 16 mg/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | TXCYAC 378,76,2017 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 16 mg/kg | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TXCYAC 304,49,2013 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 270 mg/kg | NIIRDN 6,879,1982 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1420 mg/kg/10W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Biochemical: Effect on specific coenzyme: CoA | TXCYAC 110,103,1996 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5.04 gm/kg/12W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Hypoglycemia | JAPTO* 21,81,2001 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 145600 mg/kg/52W- continuous | Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains | EVHPAZ 108,343,2000 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 427 gm/kg/61W- continuous | Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Tumor types after systemic administration not seen spontaneously | EVHPAZ 108,241,2000 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 72.8 gm/kg/52W- continuous | Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Tumor types after systemic administration not seen spontaneously | EVHPAZ 108,241,2000 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 42 gm/kg/60W- continuous | Liver: Tumors Tumorigenic: Tumor types after systemic administration not seen spontaneously | EVHPAZ 108,241,2000 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3 gm/kg/1W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TXCYAC 203,83,2004 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 22.4 mg/kg/28D- continuous | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes | TOXID9 66,62,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 350 mg/kg/1W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Liver: Other changes | TOXID9 60,159,2001 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2156 mg/kg/4W- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TOXID9 -,66,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1000 mg/kg/5D- continuous | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes | TOXID9 -,236,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2800 mg/kg/14D- continuous | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes | TOXID9 -,236,2009 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 7007 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Blood: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 50,701,2012 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 48 mg/kg/3D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TXCYAC 304,49,2013 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 32 gm/kg/90D- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | TXCYAC 64,71,1990 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 398 mg/kg/10W- continuous | Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases | TOLED5 80,97,1995 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1040 mg/kg/52D- continuous | Blood: Normocytic anemia Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Blood: Changes in platelet count | FCTOD7 47,1324,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12000 mg/kg/10D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | BDERB* 77,47,2006 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 13000 mg/kg/52D- continuous | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | FCTOD7 47,145,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10000 mg/kg/50D- continuous | Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | PCBPBS 89,39,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 264.99 gm/kg/104W- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOXID9 66,104,2002 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 1 ppm | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence | IMEMDT 63,291,1995 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence | IMEMDT 106,430,2014 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 63,291,1995 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 106,430,2014 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 3 | IMEMDT 63,291,1995 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 2B | IMEMDT 106,430,2014 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review: Group 3 | IMEMDT 84,429,2004 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EVHPAZ 108,241,2000 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 539,77,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 127,135,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | IMEMDT 84,403,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JEADV* 13,14,1999 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXCYAC 198,239,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ENTOX* -,546,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 584,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 636,242,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 654,114,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 49,9,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 50,68,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 721,27,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 751,49,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 751,82,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXAPA9 254,100,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 762,22,2014 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 783,66,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXCYAC 307,35,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXAPA9 261,227,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXCYAC 313,3,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 775,11,2018 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 831,1,2018 |
Standards and Regulations
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION | FEREAC 54,7740,1989 | |
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES | Cancelled | RBREV* -,338,1998 |
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV; | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 1 ppm (6.7 mg/m3), JUL2008 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | MAK-TMW 1 ppm (5 mg/m3), 2007 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 1 ppm (6.8 mg/m3), MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, MAY2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 1 ppm (5 mg/m3), FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | time-weighted average 1 mg/m3, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | time-weighted average 1 ppm (7 mg/m3), 2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | time-weighted average 1 ppm (6.7 mg/m3), JAN2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY | time-weighted average 0.75 ppm (5 mg/m3), JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 1 ppm (6.7 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | short term exposure limit 5 mg/m3, Skin, JUN2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | MAK-week 1 ppm (7 mg/m3), JAN2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS | MAC-TGG 1 mg/m3, 2003 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO TRICHLOROACETIC ACID-air | 10H time-weighted average 1 ppm | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 81560; Number of Industries 9; Total Number of Facilities 1562; Number of Occupations 21; Total Number of Employees Exposed 35124; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 16821 | |
| National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 | Hazard Code 81560; Number of Industries 8; Total Number of Facilities 1353; Number of Occupations 13; Total Number of Employees Exposed 13946 |
Status in Federal Agencies
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health